# US 2025/0097084 A1 · Signal equalization optimization techniques > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2025/0097084 A1 - Document ID: US20250097084A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 18/369,336 - Filed: 2023-09-18 - Published: 2025-03-20 - Earliest claimed: 2023-09-18 - Inventors: Leo Chen Ling; Cobalt Martin; Oluwafemi Akinwale; Kusumakumari Matta; Francisco Javier Galarza Medina - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20250097084A1 ## CPC - H04L 27/01: Equalisers {(baseband equalizers at the transmitter end H04L25/03343; in analogue transmission systems H04B3/04, H04B7/005)} - H04B 17/309: Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters - H04L 25/03885: {adaptive} - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) - H04B: TRANSMISSION ## Abstract A system includes a first Tx circuit, a first Rx circuit, a redriver circuit, and an equalization circuit. The redriver circuit includes a second Rx circuit and a second Tx circuit. The second Rx circuit is coupled to the first Tx circuit, and the second Tx circuit is coupled to the first Rx circuit. The equalization circuit includes at least one processor to generate a sample search space with a plurality of samples. The sample search space is based on a plurality of Rx equalization parameters and a plurality of Tx equalization parameters. The at least one processor is further to partition the sample search space into a set of successively smaller partitions. A set of equalization parameters for the first Tx circuit, the first Rx circuit, the second Tx circuit, and the second Rx circuit is generated based on the set of successively smaller partitions. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system comprising: memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory, the at least one processor to: generate a sample search space comprising a plurality of samples, the sample search space based on a plurality of receiver (Rx) equalization parameters associated with an Rx circuit and a plurality of transmitter (Tx) equalization parameters associated with a Tx circuit; partition the sample search space into a set of successively smaller partitions; determine a set of signal quality characteristics associated with a communication link between the Rx circuit and the Tx circuit, the set of signal quality characteristics based on a set of samples of the plurality of samples corresponding to the set of successively smaller partitions; select a signal quality characteristic of the set of signal quality characteristics based on maximizing signal quality of the communication link during data transmission between the Tx circuit and the Rx circuit, the signal quality characteristic of the set based on a sample of the set of samples; and apply an Rx equalization parameter of the plurality of Rx equalization parameters to the Rx circuit and a Tx equalization parameter of the plurality of Tx equalization parameters to the Tx circuit, the Rx equalization parameter and the Tx equalization parameter corresponding to the sample. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further to: select an initial sample of the plurality of samples based on a pre-defined location within the sample search space. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The system of claim 2, wherein the at least one processor is further to: select an initial set of samples of the plurality of samples, the initial set of samples including the initial sample and at least one additional sample, and the initial set of samples corresponding to an initial set of partitions of the sample search space. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor is further to: determine a subset of the set of signal quality characteristics, the subset associated with the initial set of samples. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The system of claim 4, wherein the at least one processor is further to: select a signal quality characteristic of the subset based on maximizing the signal quality of the communication link during the data transmission between the Tx circuit and the Rx circuit, the signal quality characteristic of the subset based on a sample of the initial set of samples. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The system of claim 5, wherein the at least one processor is further to: perform successive partitions of a partition of the initial set of partitions associated with the sample of the initial set of samples, to generate the set of successively smaller partitions. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The system of claim 6, wherein the at least one processor is further to: perform the successive partitions for a pre-configured number of iterations. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the set of signal quality characteristics comprises one of bit error rate (BER) characteristics, eye height or width characteristics, and receiver margin characteristics. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further to: generate the sample search space as a two-dimensional search space based on the plurality of Rx equalization parameters and the plurality of Tx equalization parameters. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The system of claim 9, wherein the plurality of Rx equalization parameters comprises one of: continuous-time linear equalization (CTLE) parameters; and analog front-end (AFE) attenuation parameters. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The system of claim 10, wherein the plurality of Tx equalization parameters comprises one of: Tx pre-tap equalization parameters; Tx main tap equalization parameters; Tx post-tap equalization parameters; and Tx swing parameters. ### Claim 12 A system comprising: a first transmit (Tx) circuit; a first receive (Rx) circuit; a redriver circuit, the redriver circuit comprising a second Rx circuit and a second Tx circuit, the second Rx circuit coupled to the first Tx circuit and the second Tx circuit coupled to the first Rx circuit; and an equalization circuit coupled to the first Tx circuit, the first Rx circuit, and the redriver circuit. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The system of claim 12, wherein the equalization circuit comprises at least one processor to: generate a sample search space comprising a plurality of samples, the sample search space based on a plurality of Rx equalization parameters and a plurality of Tx equalization parameters; partition the sample search space into a set of successively smaller partitions; and generate a set of equalization parameters for the first Tx circuit, the first Rx circuit, the second Tx circuit, and the second Rx circuit based on the set of successively smaller partitions. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The system of claim 13, wherein the at least one processor is further to: determine a set of signal quality characteristics associated with a communication link between the first Tx circuit, the redriver circuit, and the first Rx circuit, the set of signal quality characteristics based on a set of samples of the plurality of samples corresponding to the set of successively smaller partitions; select a signal quality characteristic of the set of signal quality characteristics based on maximizing signal quality of the communication link during data transmission between the first Tx circuit, the redriver circuit, and the first Rx circuit, the signal quality characteristic of the set based on a sample of the set of samples; and apply at least one Rx equalization parameter of the set of equalization parameters to the first Rx circuit and the second Rx circuit, and at least one Tx equalization parameter of the set of equalization parameters to the first Tx circuit and the second Tx circuit, the set of equalization parameters corresponding to the sample. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14, wherein the at least one processor is further to: select an initial sample of the plurality of samples based on a pre-defined location within the sample search space. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15, wherein the at least one processor is further to: select an initial set of samples of the plurality of samples, the initial set of samples including the initial sample and at least one additional sample, and the initial set of samples corresponding to an initial set of partitions of the sample search space. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The system of claim 16, wherein the at least one processor is further to: determine a subset of the set of signal quality characteristics, the subset associated with the initial set of samples. ### Claim 18 A method comprising: generating a sample search space comprising a plurality of samples, the sample search space based on a plurality of receiver (Rx) equalization parameters associated with an Rx circuit and a plurality of transmitter (Tx) equalization parameters associated with a Tx circuit; partitioning the sample search space into a set of successively smaller partitions; determining a set of signal quality characteristics associated with a communication link between the Rx circuit and the Tx circuit, the set of signal quality characteristics based on a set of samples of the plurality of samples corresponding to the set of successively smaller partitions; selecting a signal quality characteristic of the set of signal quality characteristics based on maximizing signal quality of the communication link during data transmission between the Tx circuit and the Rx circuit, the signal quality characteristic of the set based on a sample of the set of samples; and applying an Rx equalization parameter of the plurality of Rx equalization parameters to the Rx circuit and a Tx equalization parameter of the plurality of Tx equalization parameters to the Tx circuit, the Rx equalization parameter and the Tx equalization parameter corresponding to the sample. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The method of claim 18, further comprising: selecting an initial sample of the plurality of samples based on a pre-defined location within the sample search space. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method of claim 19, further comprising: selecting an initial set of samples of the plurality of samples, the initial set of samples including the initial sample and at least one additional sample, and the initial set of samples corresponding to an initial set of partitions of the sample search space.