Emergency opening device for a closure
AssigneeNowak Innovations SpóLka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia
InventorsZygmunt Nowak, Janusz Nowak, Wieslaw Nowak
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Methods of emergency opening of manholes in emergency situations, devices and systems for their embodiment and methods of assembling devices for emergency opening of movable elements installed in manholes.
Claims67
The system for emergency opening of entry openings in emergency situations, adjusted to emergency opening of the first closing element, which is a movable element for opening and closing of the entry opening, which is made/inserted in the second element, whereas the other element is an immovable element and constitutes a barrier between the two spaces or rooms, favourably in the design of a means of transport, a building facility/structure, a building or a technological device/equipment, whereas [the device] has the means to move the movable element from closed position into open position, characterized in that it has the actuator (1) comprising the body/casing (88), advantageously made of metal, at least one sliding-out element (2, 3, 4, 82), placed at least partially in the body/casing (88) and the initiating/start-up means (12, 41) which drive the actuator (1) and as a result of activation the cause the shift of at least one sliding-out element (2, 3, 4, 82), while the body/casing (88) of the actuator (1) is fixed in a hole/an opening in the immovable element (47), advantageously/favourably supported on the side of the movable element (42), or the body/casing (88) of the actuator (1) is fixed in a hole/an opening in the movable element (42), advantageously/favourably supported on the side of the immovable element (47).
The system according to any of the preceding claims from 1 to 7, characterized in that the actuator (1) is a telescopic actuator and has several movable/sliding-out elements (2, 3) in the form of bushings, fitted/mounted concentrically one in another and sequentially moving/sliding out driven by the pressure means (agent).
The system according to any of the preceding claims from 1 to 7, characterized in that the actuator (T) is piston actuator and has at least one sliding-out element (4) in the form of a piston.
The system according to any of the preceding claims from 1 to 7, characterized in that the actuator (1) has a sliding-out element (82) in the form of flexible material, which increases its volume as a result of externally applied gas or air pressure, or as a result of activation of an actuating means/agent (12, 41) placed hermetically inside.
The system according to any of the preceding claims from 1 to 11, characterized in that the activating means/agents are at least one gas generator (12) or the pressure of compressed gas or air, or compressed air from a compressor.
The system according to any of the preceding claims from 1 to 11, characterized in that the activating means/agents is at least one material (41) with shape memory of the SMA/SMP type.
The system according to any of claims from 1 to 21, characterized in that the actuator (1) features an electronic system (23) controlling the start-up/activation and operation of the actuator (1), which (the system) is situated inside the actuator (1), especially in the body (88).
The system according to any of the preceding claims from 1 to 22, characterized in that the movable element (42) or the immovable element (47) is equipped with an additional compensating element (43), advantageously/favourably in a form of a cover plate/tip segment which compensates their plane to right angle or almost right angle relative to the vector of force of the operating actuator (1).
The system according to any of the preceding claims from 1 to 23, characterized in that the actuator (1) is installed inside the floor in the immovable element (47).
The system according to any of the preceding claims from 1 to 23, characterized in that the actuator (1) is installed under the floor which is a part of the immovable element (47) but the movable element (42) has an additional extending element (51), coming out of the light of the opening of the movable element (22) towards the actuator (1) installed below.
The way of emergency opening of entry openings in emergency situations, consisting in emergency opening of the first closing element, which is a movable element for opening and closing the entry opening, which is made/inserted in the second element, whereas the other element is an immovable element and constitutes a barrier between the two spaces or rooms, favourably in the design/structure of a means of transport, a building facility/object/structure, a building or a technological device/equipment, especially of civilian and military use, with the use of an emergency opening system comprising means of moving the movable element from closed position to open position, and the movable element are sliding doors moved by a sliding mechanism equipped with at least one guide and a rolling element moving along the guide, characterized in that at least the first actuator (1) gets activated, which is connected on its one end with the immovable element (47) and on its other end, with a sliding system (46, 84) of the sliding door (42).
The way according to any of the claims from 27 to 32 characterized in that three actuators (1) get activated in a pre-determined sequence, and the first actuator is located in parallel or almost in parallel to the wider side plane of the movable element (42), the second actuator (1) is located inside the immovable element (47) from the face of the sliding door (42) and the third actuator (1) on the inner side of the sliding door (42), while the first actuator (1) is connected with a tension member (83) with the sliding mechanism (46, 84), which—during activation of the actuator (1)—executes work and shifts the sliding mechanism (46, 84) of the sliding door (42), moving the sliding door (42) to the opened position.
The way according to any of the claims from 27 to 33 characterized in that the operation of at least one actuator (1) is activated by the electronic control system (23), which moves the movable element (42), without prior activation/enabling the actuator (1) opening the closing means of the movable element. (42), or the closing means do not have a connection with the actuator designed for emergency opening of closing means of the movable element (42), whereas the closing elements then get torn apart/broken apart or get bent or get pulled out from the movable element (42).
The way of fastening the actuators for emergency opening of the entry openings in emergency situations, used in the systems consisting in emergency opening of the first closing element, which constitutes the movable element for
- opening and closing the entry opening, which is made/inserted in the second element, whereas the other element is an immovable element and constitutes a barrier between the two spaces or rooms, favourably in the design/structure of a means of transport, a building facility/structure, a building or a technological device/equipment, and the mentioned actuator has a body, at least one sliding-out element located at least partially within the body and activating means which drive the actuator and, as a result of activation they cause movement/shift of at least one sliding-out element, characterized in that at least one additional shape (51, 52, 53, 54) is installed, which has a function of pressing surface on the movable element (42) or immovable element (47), and the actuator (1) is placed in at least one opening/hole (56) in this additional shape (51, 52, 53, 54).
The system for emergency opening of entry openings in emergency situations, adjusted to emergency opening of the first closing element, which is a movable element for opening and closing of the entry opening, which is made/inserted in the second element, whereas the other element is an immovable element and constitutes a barrier between the two spaces or rooms, favourably in the design/structure of a means of transport, a building structure/facility, a building or a technological device/equipment, having the means to move the movable element from closed position into open position, characterized in that it comprises at least one additional shape (51, 52, 53, 54), which has
- the function of a press/thrust surface onto the movable element (42) or the immovable element (47), while—in at least one hole (56) in this additional element (51, 52, 53, 54) the actuator (1) is located, having the body (88), at least one sliding-out element (2, 3, 4) placed at least partially in the body (88) and the actuating/enabling means (12, 41), which drive the actuator (1) and as a result of enabling/activation, they cause the movement of at least one sliding-out element (2, 3, 4).
The system according to any of the claims from 39 to 41, characterized in that it has at least one movable shape (52, 53, 54) fastened in a movable mode [as going] along the plane of the movable element (42) in such a way that it can be set in a position outside the outline/contour of the movable element (42) or in its light.
The system according to any of the claims from 39 to 41, characterized in that it has at least one shape (52, 53) installed as a sliding one and the shape (52, 53) is moved vertically or horizontally on guides along the plane of the movable element (42).
The system according to any of the claims from 39 to 41, characterized in that it has at least one rotary (pivot-mounted) shape (54) installed and at least one thrust/stop/resistance point (55) installed to fix (immobilize) the rotary shape (54) in the light of the movable shape (42).
The system according to any of the claims from 39 to 41, characterized in that it has at least one shape (55) which is fixed permanently on the corner of the entrance opening (57) and this shape overlaps partially the immovable element (47) and partially the movable element (42).
The device for emergency opening of entry openings in emergency situations, adjusted to emergency opening of the first closing element, which is a movable element for opening and closing the entry opening, which is made/inserted in the second element, whereas the other element is an immovable element and constitutes a barrier between the two spaces or rooms, favourably in the design/structure of a means of transport, a building structure/facility, a building or a technological device/equipment, having the means to move the movable element from closing position into open position, characterized in that the device comprises at least one simple machine (64, 66) driven by a drive (1, 67), placed between the movable element (42) and the immovable element (47), but the moving force coming from the drive (1, 67) causes that the simple machine (64, 66) pushes apart the movable element (42) and the immovable element (47) [from each other] exerting on them forces basically perpendicular to the plane of the movable element (42) and of the immovable element (47).
The system according to any of the claims from 46 or 48, characterized in that its drive is the actuator (1) which, has the body (88), at least one sliding-out element (2, 3, 4), located, at least partially, within the body (88) and the actuating/enabling means (12, 41), which drive the actuator (1) and as a result of enabling/activation, they cause the movement of at least one sliding-out element (2, 3, 4).
The device according to any of the claims from 46 to 48, characterized in that its drive is the manual lever (67).
The system for emergency opening of entry openings in emergency situations, adjusted to emergency opening of the first closing element, which is a movable element for opening and closing the entry opening, which is made/inserted in the second element, whereas the other element is the immovable element and constitutes a barrier between two spaces or
- rooms, advantageously in the structure/design of a means of transport, a building facility/object, a building or a technical device, having the means of moving the movable element from closing position into open position characterized in that it has a flexible actuator (68, 69, 75) comprising a body made of a flexible material, which delimits a hermetic chamber for the working agent which is compressed gas, and it has got an expanding agent/means or expanding element (12, 71, 73) acting on the internal walls of the body of the actuator (68, 69, 75) chamber, and the flexible actuator (68, 69, 75) is placed in the space between the movable element (42) and the immovable element (47) in such a way that—as a result of activation—the expanding agent/means or element acts on the flexible body of the actuator (68, 69, 75) which expands and moves the movable element (42) from its closed position to the open position.
The system according to any of the claims from 53 to 57, characterized in that the, actuator is a flexible gasket (68, 79) with a hermetic chamber which is installed on the rim of the opening (57) in the immovable element (47) or on the inside rim of the movable element (42), especially of means of transport.
The actuator adjusted to be used in systems or devices for emergency opening of the first closing element, which is a movable element for opening and closing the entry opening, which is made/inserted in the second element, whereas the other element is an immovable element and constitutes a barrier between the two spaces or rooms, favourably in the design/structure in means of transport, a building facility/structure, a building or a technological device/equipment, especially of civilian and military use, and the actuator has a body, at least one sliding-out element located at least partially within the body and at least one gas generator which drives the actuator and, as a result of activation they cause the movement/shift of at least one sliding-out element, characterized in that—inside the actuator (1) some solid or liquid material (99) is placed, which has an ability to absorb and dissolve the carbon residue generated during activation of the gas generator (12), [the material] having lubricating properties facilitating telescoping (folding) and sliding out again of the sliding-out elements (2, 3, 4) of the actuator (1).
A portable device adapted to be used in systems or devices for emergency opening of the first closing element, which is a movable element for opening and closing the entry opening, which is made/inserted in the second element, whereas the other element is an immovable element and constitutes a barrier between the two spaces or rooms, favourably in the design in means of transport, a building facility/structure, a building or a technological device/equipment, especially of civilian and military use, comprising the use of at least one actuator for emergency opening of the movable elements, characterised in that it has a pressing/thrust element (8), (90) and advantageously movable arms (96), (89) enabling
- to fix or thrust/back locking of the portable device opposite the movable element (42), or opposite a bullet-proof pane in a means of transport, a technical device or a building object (facility/structure).
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.