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US 2025/0091041 A1Published application
Nanohybrid catalyst for hydrogenation reactions
AssigneeImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
InventorsAsma Mohammed Zamil ELSHARIF, Monerah Ahmed Hassan ALMARZOOQ
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Abstract
A nanohybrid material includes a plurality of gold nanohybrid particles having formula (I). The gold nanohybrid particles have a gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) core and a shell of at least one fatty acid derivative at least partially disposed around the AuNPs core. The AuNPs core has a cuboidal shape and an average particle size of 20 to 60 nanometers (nm). Each R1, and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrgon atom, and a fatty acid hydrocarbon chain having 16 to 22 carbon atoms. R3 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, an alkoxy, an optionally substituted alkoxy having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and an optionally substituted alkoxyalky.
Claims19
1:
- A nanohybrid material, comprising:
- a plurality of gold nanohybrid particles having formula (I);
- wherein the gold nanohybrid particles have a gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) core and a shell of at least one fatty acid derivative at least partially disposed around the AuNPs core;
- wherein the AuNPs core has a cuboidal shape and an average particle size of 20 to 60 nanometers (nm);
- wherein formula (I) is
- wherein each R1, and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrgon atom, and a fatty acid hydrocarbon chain having 16 to 22 carbon atoms;
- wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, an alkoxy, an optionally substituted alkoxy having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and an optionally substituted alkoxyalky;
- and
- n is any positive integer.
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2:
- The nanohybrid material of claim 1, having a multi-layered porous structure.
3:
- The nanohybrid material of claim 2, wherein the multi-layered porous structure of the nanohybrid material has an average layer thickness of 60 to 500 nm.
4:
- The nanohybrid material of claim 1, having a pore size of 1 to 20 micrometers (μm).
5:
- The nanohybrid material of claim 1, wherein a weight ratio of the AuNPs core to the fatty acid derivative shell in the nanohybrid material ranges from about 1:10 to 1:50.
6:
- The nanohybrid material of claim 1, wherein the AuNPs core comprises Au nanoparticles having a plurality of carboxylate functional groups, wherein the at least one fatty acid derivative is connected to a carboxylate functional group of the plurality of carboxylate functional groups of the Au nanoparticles.
7:
- The nanohybrid material of claim 1, wherein the gold nanohybrid particles are uniformly distributed throughout the nanohybrid material and not forming aggregates.
8:
- The nanohybrid material of claim 1, wherein the gold nanohybrid particle is (9Z,9′Z,9″Z,12Z,12′Z,12″Z)-5-((2-hydroxyethoxy)carbonyl)benzene-1,2,3-triyl tris(octadeca-9,12-dienoate) (AuNPs/HCBTDE) having formula (II)
- and n is any positive integer.
9:
- A method of making the nanohybrid material of claim 8, comprising:
- mixing and dissolving at least one fatty acid derivative having formula (III) in a first solvent to form a surfactant solution;
- drop-wise adding the surfactant solution into a dispersion containing the AuNPs under continuous agitation to from a reaction mixture containing the nanohybrid material;
- and
- drying the reaction mixture to from the nanohybrid material;
- wherein formula (III) is
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10:
- The method of claim 9, wherein a volume ratio of the surfactant solution to the dispersion is in a range of 1:2 to 1:10.
11:
- The method of claim 9, wherein the AuNPs present in the dispersion have an average particle size of 30 to 50 nm.
12:
- The method of claim 9, further comprising:
- preparing the at least one fatty acid derivative of formula (III) by:
- mixing a fatty acid and a trihydroxybenzoic acid in a second solvent in the presence of a sulfonic acid and refluxing to form a first product having formula (IV);
- mixing the first product and ethylene glycol in the second solvent in the presence of a sulfonic acid and refluxing to form the at least one fatty acid derivative having formula (III).
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13:
- The method of claim 12, wherein a molar ratio of the fatty acid to the trihydroxybenzoic acid is in a range of 2:1 to 1:2.
14:
- The method of claim 12, wherein a molar ratio of the first product to the ethylene glycol is in a range of 2:1 to 1:2.
15:
- The method of claim 12, wherein the fatty acid is octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid.
16:
- The method of claim 12, wherein the second solvent is xylene, and wherein the sulfonic acid is p-toluene sulfonic acid.
17:
- A method of benzaldehyde hydrogenation, comprising:
- mixing and heating an aromatic aldehyde compound, and the nanohybrid material of claim 1 under a hydrogen flow thereby reducing the aromatic aldehyde compound with hydrogen molecules to form a reduction product;
- wherein the reduction product is at least one selected from the group consisting of a substituted aromatic alcohol derivative, a substituted aromatic derivative, and an arene.
18:
- The method of claim 17, wherein up to 80 wt. % of the aromatic aldehyde compound is reduced to form the reduction product at a temperature of 100 to 200° C., each wt. % based on an initial weight of the aromatic aldehyde compound.
19:
- The method of claim 17, wherein a weight ratio of the nanohybrid material to the aromatic aldehyde compound is in a range of 1:200 to 1:10.