# US 2025/0085437 A1 · Method and device for l5 direct acquisition and nh bit synchronization > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2025/0085437 A1 - Document ID: US20250085437A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 18/653,239 - Filed: 2024-05-02 - Published: 2025-03-13 - Earliest claimed: 2023-09-11 - Assignees: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. - Applicants: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. - Inventors: Henry Dennis FALK; Di ZHOU; Mayank AMIN; Norman LO; John KIOLBASA; Sigang QIU - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20250085437A1 ## CPC - G01S 19/29: carrier {including Doppler,} related {(G01S19/246 takes precedence)} - G01S 19/30: code related {(G01S19/246 takes precedence)} - G01S 19/37: Hardware or software details of the signal processing chain - G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES ## Abstract A method and an apparatus are provided in which data is loaded from a memory to an input sample memory (ISM) of a user equipment (UE). The data corresponds to input from an L5 antenna of the UE. A first high-resolution correlation (HRC) engine of the UE performs coherent correlation and accumulation on the data for at least one code-frequency offset combination, to generate coherent correlation results. A second HRC engine of the UE processes the coherent correlation results by at least performing frequency widening and non-coherent accumulation to generate non-coherent correlation results indicating at least peak accumulations of correlations. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method comprising: loading data from a memory to an input sample memory (ISM) of a user equipment (UE), wherein the data corresponds to input from an L5 antenna of the UE; performing, by a first high-resolution correlation (HRC) engine of the UE, coherent correlation and accumulation on the data for at least one code-frequency offset combination, to generate coherent correlation results; and processing, by a second HRC engine of the UE, the coherent correlation results by at least performing frequency widening and non-coherent accumulation to generate non-coherent correlation results indicating at least peak accumulations of correlations. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: processing, by a front end processor (FEP) of the UE, the input from the L5 antenna after conversion into a digital data stream; and saving the processed data at the memory, wherein the memory comprises an external double data rate (DDR) memory. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein: the at least one code-frequency offset combination comprises a plurality of offset combinations; the coherent correlation and accumulation is sequentially performed on the data for each offset combination to generate coherent correlation results for each offset combination; and the coherent correlation results are processed sequentially for each offset combination. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, further comprising: storing each of the coherent correlation results at a coherent integration time (CIT) memory of the UE, wherein one of a first region and a second region of the CIT memory is used for data storage by the first HRC engine while another of the first region and the second region is accessed for data retrieval by the second HRC engine in a ping-pong manner. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein each of the first region and the second comprises four CIT regions, and each CIT region comprises 320 correlator taps. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein processing the coherent correlation results comprises, for each offset combination: performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the coherent correlation results to widen a frequency range covered by a respective code-frequency offset; selecting a number of center frequencies from the widened frequency range for the respective code-frequency offset; and performing non-coherent accumulation on the FFT coherent correlation results, with respect to the number of center frequencies, to increase an accumulation time and generate the non-coherent correlation results. ### Claim 7 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein the data comprises 1 millisecond (ms) of data and the ISM comprises a 3 ms circular ISM, or the data comprises 4 ms of data and the ISM comprises a 10 ms circular ISM. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein: the data comprises the 1 ms of data for strong signal acquisition followed by 4 ms of data for Neumann Hoffman (NH) synchronization and 4 ms of data for weak signal acquisition; or the data comprises the 1 ms of data for strong signal acquisition or the 4 ms of data for weak signal acquisition with a known NH code alignment. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one code-frequency offset combination comprises a single offset combination, and further comprising: storing the coherent correlation results across four CIT regions of a CIT memory of the UE, wherein each CIT region comprises 320 correlator taps. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein processing the coherent correlation results comprises, for each of a plurality of NH code alignments: performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the coherent correlation results to widen a frequency range covered by a respective code-frequency offset; selecting a number of center frequencies from the widened frequency range for the respective code-frequency offset; and performing non-coherent accumulation on the FFT coherent correlation results, with respect to the number of center frequencies, to increase an accumulation time and generate the non-coherent correlation results. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the data comprises 4 ms of data, and the ISM comprises a 10 ms circular ISM. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein: the coherent correlation results comprise code-frequency offsets with peak accumulations of correlations over time; and the non-coherent correlation results comprise code-frequency offsets with peak accumulations of correlations, and code-frequency offset regions of the peak accumulations. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: storing the non-coherent correlation results in a digital signal processing (DSP) random access memory (RAM) of the UE; and determining a code offset and a frequency offset for the input based on the non-coherent correlation results. ### Claim 14 A user equipment (UE) comprising: an input sample memory (ISM) configured to store data from a memory, wherein the data corresponds to input from an L5 antenna of the UE; a first high-resolution correlation (HRC) engine configured to perform coherent correlation and accumulation on the data for at least one code-frequency offset combination, to generate coherent correlation results; and a second HRC engine configured to process the coherent correlation results by at least performing frequency widening and non-coherent accumulation to generate non-coherent correlation results indicating at least peak accumulations of correlations. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The UE of claim 14, further comprising: a front end processor (FEP) configured to process the input from the L5 antenna after conversion into a digital data stream, wherein the processed data is saved at the memory, and the memory comprises an external double data rate (DDR) memory. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The UE of claim 14, wherein: the at least one code-frequency offset combination comprises a plurality of offset combinations; the coherent correlation and accumulation is sequentially performed on the data for each offset combination to generate coherent correlation results for each offset combination; and the coherent correlation results are processed sequentially for each offset combination. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The UE of claim 16, further comprising: a coherent integration time (CIT) memory configured to store each of the coherent correlation results, wherein one of a first region and a second region of the CIT memory is used for data storage by the first HRC engine while another of the first region and the second region is accessed for data retrieval by the second HRC engine in a ping-pong manner, wherein processing the coherent correlation results comprises, for each offset combination: performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the coherent correlation results to widen a frequency range covered by a respective code-frequency offset; selecting a number of center frequencies from the widened frequency range for the respective code-frequency offset; and performing non-coherent accumulation on the FFT coherent correlation results, with respect to the number of center frequencies, to increase an accumulation time and generate the non-coherent correlation results. ### Claim 18 (depends on 14) The UE of claim 14, wherein the at least one code-frequency offset combination comprises a single offset combination, and further comprising: storing the coherent correlation results across four CIT regions of a CIT memory of the UE, wherein each CIT region comprises 320 correlator taps, wherein processing the coherent correlation results comprises, for each of a plurality of Neumann Hoffman (NH) code alignments: performing fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the coherent correlation results to widen a frequency range covered by a respective code-frequency offset; selecting a number of center frequencies from the widened frequency range for the respective code-frequency offset; and performing non-coherent accumulation on the FFT coherent correlation results, with respect to the number of center frequencies, to increase an accumulation time and generate the non-coherent correlation results. ### Claim 19 (depends on 14) The UE of claim 14, wherein the coherent correlation results comprise code-frequency offsets with peak accumulations of correlations over time, and the non-coherent correlation results comprise code-frequency offsets with peak accumulations of correlations, and code-frequency offset regions of the peak accumulations. ### Claim 20 A user equipment (UE) comprising: a processor; and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to: load data from a memory to an input sample memory (ISM) of the UE, wherein the data corresponds to input from an L5 antenna of the UE; perform, by a first high-resolution correlation (HRC) engine of the UE, coherent correlation and accumulation on the data for at least one code-frequency offset combination, to generate coherent correlation results; and process, by a second HRC engine of the UE, the coherent correlation results by at least performing frequency widening and non-coherent accumulation to generate non-coherent correlation results indicating at least peak accumulations of correlations.