Determining species order of a confined multi-species object crystal

A system comprising:

• a confinement apparatus comprising a plurality of potential generating elements;
• one or more potential sources configured to generate and provide potential generating signals such that the potential generating signals are applied to respective potential generating elements of the plurality of potential generating elements;
• one or more manipulation sources configured to generate and provide one or more manipulation signals such that the one or more manipulation signals are incident at a target location defined at least in part by the confinement apparatus;
• and
• a controller configured to control operation of the one or more potential sources and the one or more manipulation sources, wherein the controller comprises a memory storing executable instructions and at least one processor, the executable instructions are configured to, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the controller to perform:
• controlling operation of one or more potential sources to cause a first plurality of potential generating signals to be applied to respective potential generating elements of the confinement apparatus, wherein application of the first plurality of potential generating signals to the respective potential generating elements causes a potential well to be generated such that an object crystal comprising a plurality of atomic objects is confined within the potential well and the plurality of atomic objects comprises at least two different species of atomic objects;
• controlling operation of the one or more potential sources to cause a second plurality of potential generating signals to be applied to the respective potential generating elements, wherein application of the second plurality of potential generating signals to the respective potential generating elements causes at least two potential wells to be generated such that a first subset of the plurality of atomic objects is confined in a first potential well of the at least two potential wells and a second subset of the plurality of atomic objects is confined in a second potential well of the at least two potential wells;
• controlling operation of one or more manipulation sources to cause one or more first manipulation signals to be incident on the first subset of the plurality of atomic objects;
• receiving a first sensor signal generated by a photodetector configured to capture fluorescence signals generated by the first subset of the plurality of atomic objects;
• controlling operation of the one or more potential sources to cause a third plurality of potential generating signals to be applied to the respective potential generating elements, wherein application of the third plurality of potential generating signals to the respective potential generating elements causes the first subset of the plurality of atomic objects and a first atomic object from the second subset of the plurality of atomic objects to be confined within the first potential well and a first remainder of the second subset of the plurality of atomic objects to be confined with the second potential well;
• controlling operation of the one or more manipulation sources to cause one or more second manipulation signals to be incident on the first subset of the plurality of atomic objects and the first atomic object from the second subset of the plurality of atomic objects confined within the first potential well;
• receiving a second sensor signal generated by a photodetector configured to capture fluorescence signals generated by the first subset of the plurality of atomic objects and the first atomic object from the second subset of the plurality of atomic objects confined within the first potential well;
• and
• determining a species of the first atomic object.

A method comprising:

• controlling, by a controller, operation of one or more potential sources to cause a first plurality of potential generating signals to be applied to respective potential generating elements of a confinement apparatus, wherein application of the first plurality of potential generating signals to the respective potential generating elements causes a potential well to be generated such that an object crystal comprising a plurality of atomic objects is confined within the potential well and the plurality of atomic objects comprises at least two different species of atomic objects;
• controlling, by the controller, operation of the one or more potential sources to cause a second plurality of potential generating signals to be applied to the respective potential generating elements, wherein application of the second plurality of potential generating signals to the respective potential generating elements causes at least two potential wells to be generated such that a first subset of the plurality of atomic objects is confined in a first potential well of the at least two potential wells and a second subset of the plurality of atomic objects is confined in a second potential well of the at least two potential wells, wherein the first subset of the plurality of atomic objects consist of one or more atomic objects;
• controlling, by the controller, operation of one or more manipulation sources to cause one or more first manipulation signals to be incident on the first subset of the plurality of atomic objects;
• receiving, by the controller, a first sensor signal generated by a photodetector configured to capture fluorescence signals generated by the first subset of the plurality of atomic objects;
• and
• processing the first sensor signal to determine a respective species of at least one atomic object of the one or more atomic objects of the first subset of the plurality of atomic objects.