Film, member, transfer member, transfer device, fixing device, and image forming apparatus

Abstract

A film contains a resin, and particles of a siloxane compound having a structure represented by Formula: [RSiO1.5] n (in the formula, R represents an organic group and n represents an integer of 2 or more), where at least one R in the formula is a group including an alkyl group, in which in a spatial distribution of the particles present in an evaluation region of 63 μm×42 μm, an integrated value of a statistical quantity L(r) represented by Equation (1) in an interparticle distance r of 0.05 μm or more and 5.00 μm or less is 0 or more and 1.6 or less. L ⁡ ( r ) := K ⁡ ( r ) / π - r ( 1 ) In Equation (1), r represents the interparticle distance, and K(r) represents a Ripley's K function K(r) represented by Equation (2). K ⁡ ( r ) := ∑ i ≠ j N 1 ⁢ ( ❘ "\[LeftBracketingBar]" X i - X j ❘ "\[RightBracketingBar]" ≤ r ) / s ⁡ ( ❘ "\[LeftBracketingBar]" X i - X j ❘ "\[RightBracketingBar]" ) λ 2 ( 2 ) In Equation (2), 1(|Xi−Xj|≤r) represents an indicator function, Xi and Xj represent coordinates of points i and j respectively, |Xi−Xj| represents a Euclidean distance between the coordinates Xi and Xj, r represents the interparticle distance, s(|Xi−Xj|) represents an edge correction factor s(x) of an evaluation region represented by Equation (3), x equals |Xi−Xj|, N represents a total number of particles in the evaluation region, and λ represents a number density of particles in the evaluation region. s ⁡ ( x ) := L x ⁢ L y - x π ⁢ ( 2 ⁢ L x + 2 ⁢ L y - x ) ( 3 ) In Equation (3), Lx and Ly represent lengths (μm) of sides of the evaluation region in an x-axis direction and a y-axis direction respectively, and x=|Xi−Xj| is satisfied, where the Xi and the Xj represent coordinates of points i and j respectively, and the |Xi−Xj| represents a Euclidean distance between the coordinates Xi and Xj.

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.