Temperature control system for adjusting a temperature of a vacuum chamber, the temperature control system comprising conduits which can be thermally coupled to a chamber wall of the vacuum chamber, a fluid pump, temperature adjusting means comprising a heating means or both a heating means and a cooling means, and tubing for fluidly connecting said conduits, fluid pump, and temperature adjusting means, respectively, wherein the fluid pump is capable of pumping a heating fluid heated by the heating means through the conduits for heating the vacuum chamber, or of pumping both a heating fluid heated by the heating means and a cooling fluid cooled by the cooling means through the conduits for both heating and cooling the vacuum chamber, respectively.