Phase shifter

A radio comprising:

• a first phase shifter comprising:
• a first active matrix transistor array, wherein each transistor of the first active matrix transistor array is configured to control a first voltage bias across a first corresponding voltage-controlled capacitor of first voltage-controlled capacitors to control a first capacitance of the first corresponding voltage-controlled capacitor;
• and
• a plurality of first signal channels, wherein each signal channel of the plurality of first signal channels has a first end and a second end and is AC coupled at a point between the first end and the second end to one or more of the first voltage-controlled capacitors, wherein the first phase shifter is configured to control a first phase shift applied to each corresponding first signal channel of the plurality of first signal channels by setting the first voltage bias across each of the one or more of the first voltage-controlled capacitors coupled to the corresponding first signal channel, and wherein the first phase shifter is configured to apply first phase shifts to first radio frequency signals;
• and
• a plurality of first antennae, wherein each first antenna of the plurality of first antennae is connected to a radio frequency transceiver circuit via a respective signal channel of the first phase shifter, wherein the radio frequency transceiver circuit is configured to control the plurality of first antennae as a first phased array by performing beamforming of radio signals at least one of received by or transmitted from the plurality of first antennae using the first phase shifter.

A system comprising a plurality of radios, wherein each radio of the plurality of radios comprises:

• a phase shifter comprising:
• an active matrix transistor array, wherein each transistor of the active matrix transistor array is configured to control a voltage bias across a corresponding voltage-controlled capacitor of voltage-controlled capacitors to control a capacitance of the corresponding voltage-controlled capacitor;
• and
• a plurality of signal channels, wherein each signal channel of the plurality of signal channels has a first end and a second end and is AC coupled at a point between the first end and the second end to one or more of the voltage-controlled capacitors, wherein the phase shifter is configured to control a phase shift applied to each corresponding signal channel of the plurality of signal channels by setting the voltage bias across each of the one or more of the voltage-controlled capacitors coupled to the corresponding signal channel, and wherein the phase shifter is configured to apply phase shifts to radio frequency signals;
• and
• a plurality of antennae, wherein each antenna of the plurality of antennae is connected to a radio frequency transceiver circuit via a respective signal channel of the phase shifter, wherein the radio frequency transceiver circuit is configured to control the plurality of antennae as a first phased array by performing beamforming of radio signals at least one of received by or transmitted from the plurality of antennae using the phase shifter, wherein each radio of the plurality of radios is configured to coordinate beamforming with each other radio of the plurality of radios.