Electrically conductive yarn and fabric-based, noise-cancelling, multimodal electrodes for physiological measurements

An electrically conductive textile-based electrode comprising:

• a textile comprising a plurality of yarns interlaced in horizontal, vertical, and/or angled directions;
• wherein the plurality of yarns comprises yarns that are electrically conductive, electrically semi-conductive, and/or electrically non-conductive;
• and
• wherein the electrode is configured to form and/or control a primary signal path for transmission of signals in an axial direction and/or in a transverse direction.

A method of forming an electrically conductive textile-based electrode, the method comprising:

• interlacing a plurality of yarns in horizontal, vertical, and/or angled directions to form a textile, wherein the plurality of yarns comprises yarns that are electrically conductive, electrically semi-conductive, and/or electrically non-conductive;
• forming and/or controlling a primary signal path within the electrode;
• and
• transmitting signals along the primary signal path in an axial direction and/or in a transverse direction;
• wherein the primary signal path is controlled such that the primary signal path passes through or adjacent to electrically non-conductive regions of the textile and electrically conductive regions of the textile to reduce noise and/or reject transmission of differential and/or common noise;
• and
• optionally, wherein the electrically non-conductive regions and the electrically conductive regions of the textile absorb, in the manner of a reservoir, noise introduced along the primary signal path.