Solid-state cooler device with grid point contacts

A refrigeration system comprising:

• a refrigeration container formed from one or more plates;
• a plurality of solid-state cooler devices surrounding the outside of the refrigeration container wherein each of the solid-state cooler devices comprises:
• a first portion having a normal metal heat sink layer, a superconductor interface layer disposed on the normal metal heat sink layer, and a plurality of first parallel superconductor ridges disposed over the superconductor interface layer;
• and
• a second portion having a normal metal layer, insulator layer, superconductor layer (NIS) junction and a plurality of second parallel superconductor ridges disposed over the superconductor layer of the NIS junction, wherein the plurality of first parallel superconductor ridges are in contact and orthogonal to the plurality of second parallel superconductor ridges to provide a plurality of grid point contacts that provide paths for quasiparticles to move from the normal metal layer of the NIS junction to the normal metal heat sink layer in response to a critical current that flows across the NIS junction.

A method of forming solid-state cooler device, the method comprising:

• fabricating a first chip comprising:
• forming an interface layer over a normal metal heat sink layer;
• and
• forming a plurality of first parallel ridges disposed over the interface layer;
• fabricating a second chip comprising:
• forming a normal metal, insulator, superconductor (NIS) junction:
• forming a plurality of second parallel ridges disposed over the superconductor layer of the NIS junction;
• and
• flip chip or wafer bonding the second chip or wafer onto the first chip with the plurality of first parallel ridges being in contact and orthogonal to the plurality of second parallel ridges to provide a plurality of grid point contacts that provide paths for quasiparticles to move from the normal metal layer of the NIS junction to the normal metal heat sink layer in response to a critical current that flows across the NIS junction.