Holographic display using metasurface and metasurface optimization method

A method of optimizing a metasurface for a holographic display by using a simulation model configured to model nanostructures of the metasurface, the method comprising:

• generating a reconstructed image by propagating a product of a complex wavefront of a spatial light modulator for a target image and a complex wavefront of the metasurface identified through the simulation model;
• calculating a value of a loss function indicating a difference between the reconstructed image and the target image;
• and
• optimizing patterns of the nanostructures of the metasurface in a direction in which the value of the loss function decreases, wherein the simulation model is a model indicating phase modulation values according to widths and lengths of respective rectangular parallelepipeds with respect to the nanostructures comprising a plurality of rectangular parallelepipeds arranged at equal pitches.