Dialysis Treatment and Machine

A dialysis system comprising:

• a dialyzer;
• a first sensor operatively connected to a bicarbonate source attached to the dialysis machine, and configured to measure an amount of bicarbonate left in the bicarbonate source;
• a fluid line for passing dialysate from the bicarbonate source to a balancing system;
• a second sensor configured to measure a dialysate flow rate of dialysate running in the fluid line, the dialysate comprising bicarbonate pumped out of the bicarbonate source;
• the balancing system configured to transfer clean dialysate from the fluid line to the dialyzer, and drain used dialysate from the dialyzer to a drainage, wherein the balancing system comprises a switch with a status that changes with a switch rate, wherein a change in the switch rate causes a change in the dialysis flow rate running through the fluid line;
• and
• a processor configured to perform operations comprising:
• determining, based on a prescription received from an external source, a treatment time of a dialysis treatment for a patient;
• receiving, from the first sensor, the amount of bicarbonate left in the bicarbonate source;
• receiving, from the second sensor, the dialysate flow rate;
• predicting, based on (i) the treatment time, (ii) the amount of bicarbonate left in the bicarbonate source, and (iii) the dialysate flow rate, that by end of the dialysis treatment no more than a specific threshold amount of bicarbonate will be left in the bicarbonate source, and in response,
• determining that a clearance value during the treatment is or will be higher than a specific threshold clearance value, and
• sending, to the balancing system, an instruction to change the switching rate to reduce the dialysate flow rate to a reduced rate,
• wherein the reduced rate results in reducing a rate of bicarbonate pumped out of the bicarbonate source while maintaining a clearance value at no less than the threshold clearance value.

One or more computer readable media storing instructions that are executable by a processing device, and upon such execution cause the processing device to perform operations comprising:

• determining, based on a prescription received for a patient from an external source, a treatment time of a dialysis treatment for the patient;
• receiving, from a first sensor of the dialysis machine, an amount of bicarbonate left in a bicarbonate source attached to the dialysis machine;
• receiving, from at least one second sensor of the dialysis machine, a dialysate flow rate of dialysate running in the machine, the dialysate comprising bicarbonate pumped out of the bicarbonate source;
• predicting, based on (i) the treatment time, (ii) the amount of bicarbonate left in the bicarbonate source, and (iii) the dialysate flow rate, that t by end of the dialysis treatment no more than a specific threshold amount of bicarbonate will be left in the bicarbonate source, and in response;
• determining that a clearance value during the treatment is or will be higher than a specific threshold clearance value;
• and
• sending, to a balancing system that receives the dialysate, an instruction to change a switching rate to reduce the dialysate flow rate to a reduced rate, the balancing system being part of the dialysis machine,
• wherein the reduced rate results in reducing a rate of bicarbonate pumped out of the bicarbonate source while maintaining a clearance value at no less than the threshold clearance value.