Optics-integrated confinement apparatus including polarization controlling optical elements

A system comprising:

• an optics-integrated confinement apparatus
• comprising:
• a first substrate;
• a plurality of electrical components formed on the first substrate, wherein the plurality of electrical components define a confinement apparatus configured/operable to confine one or more quantum objects;
• and an on-chip beam delivery system, the on-chip beam delivery system comprising a waveguide, a coupler, and an optical element, wherein:
• the coupler is configured to couple an optical beam out of the waveguide and toward the optical element,
• the optical element is configured to at least one of (a) modify a polarization of the optical beam or (b) direct the optical beam toward a target location defined by the optics-integrated confinement apparatus;
• and
• a controller configured to control one or more voltage sources configured to provide voltage signals to respective electrical components of the plurality of electrical components to cause the confinement apparatus to generate a confining potential configured to confine the plurality of quantum objects.