Spherical iron alloy powder material preparation method therefor, and use thereof

A method for preparing spherical iron alloy powder material, comprising the following steps:

• Step 1:
• select the initial alloy raw materials, melt the initial alloy raw materials according to the initial alloy composition ratio to obtain a uniform initial alloy melt;
• the main components of the initial alloy melt are LaxFeyTzMaDb, where T includes at least one of Cr or V, M includes at least one of Al, Ni, Co, or Si, and D includes at least one of Mo, W, or Ti;
• x, y, z, a, and b represent the atomic percentage content of the corresponding element respectively, and 18%≤x≤95.8%, 4%≤y≤81.8%, 0.1%≤z≤35%, 0≤a≤40%, and 0≤b≤15%;
• Step 2:
• solidify the initial alloy melt into an initial alloy solid using rapid solidification technology;
• the solidified structure of the initial alloy solid includes a matrix phase and a dispersed particle phase;
• the melting point of the matrix phase is lower than that of the dispersed particle phase, and the dispersed particle phase is encapsulated within the matrix phase;
• the volume percentage of the matrix phase in the solidified structure is not less than 40%;
• the average composition of the matrix phase mainly consists of Lax1Ma1;
• the composition of the dispersed particle phase mainly consists of Fey2Tz2Ma2Db2Lax2, where x1, a1, x2, y2, z2, a2, and b2 represent the atomic percentage content of the corresponding constituent elements respectively, and 45%≤x1≤100%, 0%≤a1≤55%, 50%≤y2≤98%, 0.2%≤z2<50%, 0%≤a2≤30%, 0%≤b2≤35%, and 0<x2≤5%;
• the dispersed particle phase includes a significant amount of spherical or near-spherical dispersed particles, with some spherical or near-spherical dispersed particles exhibiting certain dendritic features;
• the particle size of the dispersed particle phase ranges from 5 nm to 50 μm;
• Step 3:
• remove the matrix phase from the initial alloy solid, retaining mainly the dispersed particle phase to obtain an iron alloy powder material with the main composition of Fey2Tz2Ma2Db2Lax2, where 50%≤y2≤98%, 0.2%≤z2<50%, 0%≤a2≤30%, 0%≤b2≤35%, and 0<x2≤5%;
• the iron alloy powder particles include a significant amount of spherical or near-spherical particles, with some spherical or near-spherical iron alloy powder particles exhibiting certain dendritic features;
• the particle size of the iron alloy powder particles ranges from 5 nm to 50 μm.