Metamaterial-enhanced photocatalytic conversion of hydrogen sulfide

A method comprising:

• providing a gas stream comprising hydrogen sulfide;
• interacting the gas stream in a flow-through reaction space with at least one metamaterial-catalyst surface, the at least one metamaterial-catalyst surface comprising a metamaterial surface having a plurality of resonators patterned thereon and a plurality of photocatalyst particles located upon at least a portion of the resonators, within a gap between a first region and a second region of one or more resonators, or within a gap between adjacent resonators;
• wherein the plurality of photocatalyst particles comprise at least one photocatalyst effective to convert hydrogen sulfide into elemental hydrogen and elemental sulfur upon exposure to electromagnetic radiation;
• exposing the at least one metamaterial-catalyst surface to electromagnetic radiation while interacting the at least one metamaterial-catalyst surface with the gas stream;
• and
• obtaining elemental hydrogen and elemental sulfur after interacting the gas stream with the at least one metamaterial-catalyst surface.

A method comprising:

• providing a feed stream comprising hydrogen sulfide;
• interacting the feed stream in a flow-through reaction space with at least one metamaterial surface comprising a plurality of resonators patterned thereon;
• exposing the at least one metamaterial surface to a plurality of photocatalyst particles while interacting the feed stream with the at least one metamaterial surface;
• wherein the plurality of photocatalyst particles comprise at least one photocatalyst effective to convert hydrogen sulfide into elemental hydrogen and elemental sulfur upon exposure to electromagnetic radiation;
• exposing the at least one metamaterial surface to electromagnetic radiation while interacting the at least one metamaterial surface with the feed stream;
• and
• obtaining elemental hydrogen and elemental sulfur after interacting the feed stream with the at least one metamaterial surface.