Manufacturing method of liquid crystal element, liquid crystal element, lighting apparatus, and vehicle lamp system

A liquid crystal element comprising:

• a first substrate and a second substrate arranged to face each other;
• a first alignment film disposed on a side of the first substrate facing the second substrate;
• a second alignment film disposed on a side of the second substrate facing the first substrate;
• a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;
• and
• a seal material disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate surrounding the liquid crystal layer, and has an injection port formed by partially opening the seal material;
• wherein the first alignment film and second alignment film are each subjected to a uniaxial alignment treatment, and each has an alignment regulating force in one direction on a surface in contact with the liquid crystal layer,
• wherein, at each of an interface between the first alignment film and the liquid crystal layer and an interface between the second alignment film and the liquid crystal layer, a polymerizable monomer by light irradiation or a polymer obtained by polymerizing the monomer is present,
• wherein the liquid crystal layer has a first region and a second region in a plane view, and
• wherein the first region has a pretilt angle in a direction opposite to the direction of the alignment regulating force, and the second region has a pretilt angle in the same direction as the direction of the alignment regulating force.