2-cyanoacrylate compound, and preparation method therefor and use thereof

A 2-cyanoacrylate compound, having a structural formula shown in a formula (I),

• wherein X is independently selected from —NR1R2, —N═CR3R4, and —N═NR5;
• in the —NR1R2, R1 and R2 are independently selected from hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, C1-C10 alkyl, halogenated C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, halogenated C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl C1-C6 alkyl, cyano C1-C10 alkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, halogenated C1-C10 alkoxy, hydroxyl C1-C10 alkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy C1-C6 alkyl, halogenated C1-C10 alkoxy C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C2-C10 alkenyl C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C10 alkynyl, C2-C10 alkynyl C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C10 alkylamino, C1-C10 dialkylamino, halogenated C1-C10 alkylamino, halogenated C1-C10 dialkylamino, amino C1-C10 alkyl, C1-C10 alkylamino C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C10 dialkylamino C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C10 alkylcarbonyl, C1-C10 alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C10 alkylaminocarbonyl, C1-C10 dialkylaminocarbonyl, C1-C10 alkylsulfonyl, C1-C10 alkoxysulfonyl, and C1-C10 alkylaminosulfonyl;
• or the structure of the —NR1R2 is in a cyclization form:
• wherein R6 and R7 are independently selected from hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, C1-C10 alkyl, halogenated C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, halogenated C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, halogenated C1-C10 alkoxy, C1-C10 alkylamino, C1-C10 dialkylamino, halogenated C1-C10 alkylamino, and halogenated C1-C10 dialkylamino;
• m is an integer of 1-4;
• R3, R4, and R5 are independently selected from hydrogen, hydroxyl, amino, C1-C10 alkyl, halogenated C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, halogenated C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C1-C10 alkoxy, halogenated C1-C10 alkoxy, C1-C10 alkylamino, C1-C10 dialkylamino, halogenated C1-C10 alkylamino, and halogenated C1-C10 dialkylamino;
• L is an integer of 1-5;
• and
• Y is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C10 alkyl, halogenated C1-C10 alkyl, and C3-C10 cycloalkyl, or one of the following structures shown in Y1 to Y3:
• n is an integer of 1-10.