Cyclotetrabenzil compounds for electrochemical lithium-ion storage

An electrode, comprising at least one compound, wherein the at least one compound is selected from the group consisting of a compound of Formula (I), a compound of Formula (II), and a compound of Formula (V), and any combinations thereof;

• wherein the compound of Formula (I) is:
• wherein:
• m is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4;
• n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
• and
• R1 is an electron withdrawing group, or an electron donating group;
• wherein the compound of Formula (II) is:
• wherein:
• p is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4;
• q is 0, 1, 2, or 3;
• r is 0, 1, 2, or 3;
• R2a is an electron withdrawing group, or an electron donating group;
• and
• R2b is an electron withdrawing group, or an electron donating group;
• and
• wherein the compound of Formula (V) is:
• wherein:
• s is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4,
• t is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
• u is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4;
• R3a is an electron withdrawing group, or an electron donating group;
• and
• R3b is an electron withdrawing group, or an electron donating group.