Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ketones, preparation methods and medicinal uses thereof

A compound of formula (I):

• or a tautomer, cis- or trans-isomer, mesomer, racemate, enantiomer, diastereomer, or mixture thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or prodrug thereof, wherein:
• A is selected from the group consisting of:
• R is —(CR1R2)nR3;
• R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, amino, cyano, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl;
• n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;
• R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, amino, cyano, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl, wherein each of alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl at each occurrence is independently unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the R3 group consisting of deuterium, halogen, amino, nitro, oxo, cyano, hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, —NRaRb, —C(O)Ra, —C(O)NRaRb, —C(O)ORa, —OC(O)Ra, —S(O)mRa, —S(O)mNRaRb, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl in said R3 group of substituents is independently unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from alkyl, haloalkyl, cyano, —C(O)Ra, halogen, and cycloalkyl;
• m is 0, 1 or 2;
• R′ is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl, wherein each of alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl at each occurrence is independently unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of deuterium, halogen, amino, cyano, hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, —NRcRd, —C(O)Rc, —C(O)NRcRd, —C(O)ORc, —OC(O)Rc,
• —S(O)mRc and —S(O)mNRcRd;
• Ra, Rb, Rc, and Rd are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, amino, cyano, hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl and hydroxyalkyl.