Aerodynamic profile

A frame (20) of a wheeled vehicle (V) adapted to move at least on a surface defining a horizontal rolling plane at a speed of less than 100 km/h, whereby said frame is adapted to support at least one front wheel (21) and one rear wheel (22), said frame (20) comprising at least one frame part selected from the group consisting of

• (a) a saddle profile (23) with a lower end (23A) and an upper end (23B) adapted to support a saddle post (24),
• (b) a steering profile (25) adapted to receive a steering stem (26) associated at least with a fork (27) for at least one front wheel (21), and with a handlebar (28), and
• (c) a diagonal profile (1) connecting the lower end (23A) of the saddle profile (23) to the steering profile (25),
• (d) a substantially horizontal profile (2) connecting the upper end (23B) of the saddle profile (23) to said steering profile (25), and
• (e) an integrated frame part integrating at least partly at least two elements selected form the group consisting of the saddle profile (23), the steering profile (25), the diagonal profile (1) and the substantially horizontal profile (2);
• in which said at least one frame part is an aerodynamic symmetrical profiled element (1,2,23,25) having a plane of symmetry (12) and a curved front end (10) with at least one leading edge, wherein in position of the profiled element with the plane of symmetry (12) located in a vertical plane with the wheeled vehicle rolling on the horizontal rolling plane, said profiled element (1,2,23,25) has the curved front end (10), a rear end (11), and on either side of said plane of symmetry (12), a curved outer face (13,14), said curved outer faces (13,14) defining in each cross section plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry (12) and parallel to said horizontal rolling plane (H), a cross-section aerodynamic profile (15),
• whereby at least for a part of the profiled element (1,2,23,25), the said cross-section aerodynamic profile (15) has at least 90% of a central part of a sage leaf profile with a ratio [maximum spacing (E)/maximum cord (C)] comprised between 0.1 and 0.3, whereby the maximum spacing (E) is measured perpendicular to the plane of symmetry (12), while the maximum cord (C) measured in the plane of symmetry (12);
• wherein said sage leaf profile (15) with a ratio [maximum spacing (E)/maximum cord (C)] comprised between 0.1 and 0.3, comprises two symmetrical curved shapes (13 ,14) with respect to said plane of symmetry (12) of the profiled element, each curved shape (13,14) of said two symmetrical curved shapes (13,14) extending between a first front point (16) and a second rear point (17), said first front point and second rear point (16,17) extending along an axis of symmetry (AX) which extends within the plane of symmetry (12),
• wherein each curved shape (13,14) of said two symmetrical curved shapes (13,14) of said sage leaf profile is defined substantially by 5 to 10 successive arcs of circles (A1 of circle C1, A2 of circle C2, A3 of circle C3, A4 of circle C4, A5 of circle C5), said successive arcs of circles being each characterised by a centre of curvature and a radius of curvature, whereby said successive arcs of circles (A1, A2, A3,A4,A5) are interior tangent two by two with increasing radius of curvature (R1,R2,R3,R4,R5) from a minimum radius of curvature (R1) for a curved part in the vicinity of the first front point (16) and a maximum radius of curvature (R5) for a curved part in the vicinity of the second rear point (17), whereby the arc of circle (A1) of the curved part in the vicinity of the first front point (16) is passing through the first front point (16), has its centre of curvature (CC1) located along said axis of symmetry (AX) of the plane of symmetry (12) and has its radius of curvature corresponding to a first radius of curvature (R1) comprised between 0.2 and 0.3 times the maximum spacing (E) of the sage leaf profile,
• wherein each curved shape of the said cross-section aerodynamic profile (15) of the profiled element (1,2,23,25) follows substantially at least 95% of a sage leaf profile pattern with two symmetrical curved patterns, each symmetrical curved pattern of said two symmetrical curved patterns being defined by five successive arcs of circles, which are:
• a first arc of circle (A1) with a first radius of curvature (R1);
• a second arc of circle (A2) with a second radius of curvature (R2) comprised between 1.8 and 2.2 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• a third arc of circle (A3) with a third radius of curvature (R3) comprised between 8.5 and 10.5 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• a fourth arc of circle (A4) with a fourth radius of curvature (R4) comprised between 25 and 30 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• and
• a fifth arc of circle (A5) with a fifth radius of curvature (R5) comprised between 50 and 70 times the first radius of curvature (R1).

A wheeled vehicle (V) adapted to move at least on a surface defining a horizontal rolling plane at a speed of less than 100 km/h, said wheeled vehicle comprising a frame supporting at least one front wheel (21) and one rear wheel (22), said frame (20) comprising at least one frame part selected from the group consisting of

• (a) a saddle profile (23) with a lower end (23A) and an upper end (23B) adapted to support a saddle post (24),
• (b) a steering profile (25) adapted to receive a steering stem (26) associated at least with a fork (27) for at least one front wheel (21), and with a handlebar (28), and
• (c) a diagonal profile (1) connecting the lower end (23A) of the saddle profile (23) to the steering profile (25),
• (d) a substantially horizontal profile (2) connecting the upper end (23B) of the saddle profile (23) to said steering profile (25), and
• (e) an integrated frame part integrating at least partly at least two elements selected form the group consisting of the saddle profile (23), the steering profile (25), the diagonal profile (1) and the substantially horizontal profile (2);
• in which said at least one frame part is an aerodynamic symmetrical profiled element having a plane of symmetry (12) and a curved front end (10) with at least one leading edge, wherein in position of the profiled element with the plane of symmetry (12) located in a vertical plane with the wheeled vehicle rolling on the horizontal rolling plane, said profiled element (1,2,23,25) has the curved front end (10), a rear end (11), and on either side of said plane of symmetry (12), a curved outer face (13,14), said curved outer faces (13,14) defining in each cross section plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry (12) and parallel to said horizontal rolling plane (H), a cross-section aerodynamic profile (15),
• whereby at least for a part of the profiled element (1,2,23,25), the said cross-section aerodynamic profile (15) has at least 90% of a central part of a sage leaf profile with a ratio [ maximum spacing (E)/maximum cord (C)] comprised between 0.1 and 0.3, whereby the maximum spacing (E) is measured perpendicular to the plane of symmetry (12), while the maximum cord (C) measured in the plane of symmetry (12);
• wherein said sage leaf profile (15) with a ratio [maximum spacing (E)/maximum cord (C)] comprised between 0.1 and 0.3, comprises two symmetrical curved shapes (13 ,14) with respect to said plane of symmetry (12) of the profiled element, each curved shape (13,14) of said two symmetrical curved shapes (13,14) extending between a first front point (16) and a second rear point (17), said first front point and second rear point (16,17) extending along an axis of symmetry (AX) which extends within the plane of symmetry (12),
• wherein each curved shape (13,14) of said two symmetrical curved shapes (13,14) of said sage leaf profile is defined substantially by 5 to 10 successive arcs of circles (A1 of circle C1, A2 of circle C2, A3 of circle C3, A4 of circle C4, A5 of circle C5), said successive arcs of circles being each characterised by a centre of curvature and a radius of curvature, whereby said successive arcs of circles (A1, A2, A3,A4,A5) are interior tangent two by two with increasing radius of curvature (R1,R2,R3,R4,R5) from a minimum radius of curvature (R1) for a curved part in the vicinity of the first front point (16) and a maximum radius of curvature (R5) for a curved part in the vicinity of the second rear point (17), whereby the arc of circle (A1) of the curved part in the vicinity of the first front point (16) is passing through the first front point (16), has its centre of curvature (CC1) located along said axis of symmetry (AX) of the plane of symmetry (12) and has its radius of curvature corresponding to a first radius of curvature (R1) comprised between 0.2 and 0.3 times the maximum spacing (E) of the sage leaf profile,
• wherein each curved shape of the said cross-section aerodynamic profile (15) of the profiled element (1,2,23,25) follows substantially at least 95% of a sage leaf profile pattern with two symmetrical curved patterns, each symmetrical curved pattern of said two symmetrical curved patterns being defined by five successive arcs of circles, which are:
• a first arc of circle (A1) with a first radius of curvature (R1);
• a second arc of circle (A2) with a second radius of curvature (R2) comprised between 1.8 and 2.2 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• a third arc of circle (A3) with a third radius of curvature (R3) comprised between 8.5 and 10.5 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• a fourth arc of circle (A4) with a fourth radius of curvature (R4) comprised between 25 and 30 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• and
• a fifth arc of circle (A5) with a fifth radius of curvature (R5) comprised between 50 and 70 times the first radius of curvature (R1).

A wheeled vehicle (V) adapted to move at least on a surface defining a horizontal rolling plane at a speed of less than 100 km/h, said wheeled vehicle comprising a frame supporting at least one wheel (21), whereby said frame (20) is associated to at least one associated element selected among the group consisting of a seat stay (31), a rear chain stay (29) suitable for supporting a wheel (22), a fork (27) suitable for supporting a wheel (21), a mudguard (3, 30) adapted to cover at least partially an upper part of a wheel (21), and a cap (4),

• whereby said at least one associated element is an aerodynamic symmetrical profiled element having a plane of symmetry (12) and a curved front end (10) with at least one leading edge, wherein in position of the profiled element with the plane of symmetry (12) located in a vertical plane with the wheeled vehicle rolling on the horizontal rolling plane, said profiled element (3,4,27,29,30,31) has the curved front end (10), a rear end (11), and on either side of said plane of symmetry (12), a curved outer face (13,14), said curved outer faces (13,14) defining in each cross section plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry (12) and parallel to said horizontal rolling plane (H), a cross-section aerodynamic profile (15),
• whereby at least for a part of the profiled element (3,4,27,29,30,31), the said cross-section aerodynamic profile (15) has at least 90% of a central part of a sage leaf profile with a ratio [maximum spacing (E)/maximum cord (C)] comprised between 0.1 and 0.3, whereby the maximum spacing (E) is measured perpendicular to the plane of symmetry (12), while the maximum cord (C) measured in the plane of symmetry (12);
• wherein said sage leaf profile (15) with a ratio [maximum spacing (E)/maximum cord (C)] comprised between 0.1 and 0.3, comprises two symmetrical curved shapes (13 ,14) with respect to said plane of symmetry (12) of the profiled element, each curved shape (13,14) of said two symmetrical curved shapes (13,14) extending between a first front point (16) and a second rear point (17), said first front point and second rear point (16,17) extending along an axis of symmetry (AX) which extends within the plane of symmetry (12),
• wherein each curved shape (13,14) of said two symmetrical curved shapes (13,14) of said sage leaf profile is defined substantially by 5 to 10 successive arcs of circles (A1 of circle C1, A2 of circle C2, A3 of circle C3, A4 of circle C4, A5 of circle C5), said successive arc of circles being each characterised by a centre of curvature and a radius of curvature, whereby said successive arcs of circles (A1, A2, A3,A4,A5) are interior tangent two by two with increasing radius of curvature (R1,R2,R3,R4,R5) from a minimum radius of curvature (R1) for a curved part in the vicinity of the first front point (16) and a maximum radius of curvature (R5) for a curved part in the vicinity of the second rear point (17), whereby the arc of circle (A1) of the curved part in the vicinity of the first front point (16) is passing through the first front point (16), has its centre of curvature (CC1) located along said axis of symmetry (AX) of the plane of symmetry (12) and has its radius of curvature corresponding to a first radius of curvature (R1) comprised between 0.2 and 0.3 times the maximum spacing (E) of the sage leaf profile,
• wherein each curved shape of the said cross-section aerodynamic profile (15) of the profiled element (1,2,3,4) follows substantially at least 95% of a sage leaf profile pattern with two symmetrical curved patterns, each symmetrical curved pattern of said two symmetrical curved patterns being defined by five successive arcs of circles, which are:
• a first arc of circle (A1) with a first radius of curvature (R1);
• a second arc of circle (A2) with a second radius of curvature (R2) comprised between 1.8 and 2.2 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• a third arc of circle (A3) with a third radius of curvature (R3) comprised between 8.5 and 10.5 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• a fourth arc of circle (A4) with a fourth radius of curvature (R4) comprised between 25 and 30 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• and
• a fifth arc of circle (A5) with a fifth radius of curvature (R5) comprised between 50 and 70 times the first radius of curvature (R1).

The use of a wheeled vehicle suitable for moving on earth at a speed of less than 100 km/h in a travel direction on a horizontal plane, while being submitted to at least a wind with a speed between 10 km/h and 80 km/h and with an angle of attack at least comprised between 10° and 170° with respect to the travel direction of the wheeled vehicle,

• whereby the wheeled vehicle has at least a frame supporting at least one front wheel (21) and one rear wheel (22), which is shaped for generating at least one motor force of between 2N and 10N in the travel direction of the wheeled vehicle by the effect of the wind with the speed between 10 km/h and 80 km/h and with the angle of attack at least comprised between 10° and 170° with respect to the travel direction of the wheeled vehicle,
• whereby said frame (20) comprises at least one frame part selected from the group consisting of:
• (a) a saddle profile (23) with a lower end (23A) and an upper end (23B) adapted to support a saddle post (24),
• (b) a steering profile (25) adapted to receive a steering stem (26) associated at least with a fork (27) for at least one front wheel (21), and with a handlebar (28), and
• (c) a diagonal profile (1) connecting the lower end (23A) of the saddle profile (23) to the steering profile (25),
• (d) a substantially horizontal profile (2) connecting the upper end (23B) of the saddle profile (23) to said steering profile (25), and
• (e) an integrated frame part integrating at least partly at least two elements selected form the group consisting of the saddle profile (23), the steering profile (25), the diagonal profile (1) and the substantially horizontal profile (2);
• in which said at least one frame part is an aerodynamic symmetrical profiled element having a plane of symmetry (12) and a curved front end (10) with at least one leading edge, wherein in position of the profiled element with the plane of symmetry (12) located in a vertical plane with the wheeled vehicle rolling on the horizontal rolling plane, said profiled element (1,2,23,25) has the curved front end (10), a rear end (11), and on either side of said plane of symmetry (12), a curved outer face (13,14), said curved outer faces (13,14) defining in each cross section plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry (12) and parallel to said horizontal rolling plane (H), a cross-section aerodynamic profile (15),
• whereby at least for a part of the profiled element (1,2,23,25), the said cross-section aerodynamic profile (15) has at least 90% of a central part of a sage leaf profile with a ratio [maximum spacing (E)/maximum cord (C)] comprised between 0.1 and 0.3, whereby the maximum spacing (E) is measured perpendicular to the plane of symmetry (12), while the maximum cord (C) measured in the plane of symmetry (12);
• wherein said sage leaf profile (15) with a ratio [maximum spacing (E)/maximum cord (C)] comprised between 0.1 and 0.3, comprises two symmetrical curved shapes (13,14) with respect to said plane of symmetry (12) of the profiled element, each curved shape (13,14) of said two symmetrical curved shapes (13,14) extending between a first front point (16) and a second rear point (17), said first front point and second rear point (16,17) extending along an axis of symmetry (AX) which extends within the plane of symmetry (12),
• wherein each curved shape (13,14) of said two symmetrical curved shapes (13,14) of said sage leaf profile is defined substantially by 5 to 10 successive arcs of circles (A1 of circle C1, A2 of circle C2, A3 of circle C3, A4 of circle C4, A5 of circle C5), said successive arc of circles being each characterised by a centre of curvature and a radius of curvature, whereby said successive arcs of circles (A1, A2, A3,A4,A5) are interior tangent two by two with increasing radius of curvature (R1,R2,R3,R4,R5) from a minimum radius of curvature (R1) for a curved part in the vicinity of the first front point (16) and a maximum radius of curvature (R5) for a curved part in the vicinity of the second rear point (17), whereby the arc of circle (A1) of the curved part in the vicinity of the first front point (16) is passing through the first front point (16), has its centre of curvature (CC1) located along said axis of symmetry (AX) of the plane of symmetry (12) and has its radius of curvature corresponding to a first radius of curvature (R1) comprised between 0.2 and 0.3 times the maximum spacing (E) of the sage leaf profile, wherein each curved shape of the said cross-section aerodynamic profile (15) of the profiled element (1,2,23,25) follows substantially at least 95% of a sage leaf profile pattern with two symmetrical curved patterns, each symmetrical curved pattern of said two symmetrical curved patterns being defined by five successive arcs of circles, which are:
• a first arc of circle (A1) with a first radius of curvature (R1);
• a second arc of circle (A2) with a second radius of curvature (R2) comprised between 1.8 and 2.2 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• a third arc of circle (A3) with a third radius of curvature (R3) comprised between 8.5 and 10.5 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• a fourth arc of circle (A4) with a fourth radius of curvature (R4) comprised between 25 and 30 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• and
• a fifth arc of circle (A5) with a fifth radius of curvature (R5) comprised between 50 and 70 times the first radius of curvature (R1).

The use of a wheeled vehicle suitable for moving on earth at a speed of less than 100 km/h in a travel direction on a horizontal plane, while being submitted to at least a wind with a speed between 10 km/h and 80 km/h and with an angle of attack at least comprised between 10° and 170° with respect to the travel direction of the wheeled vehicle,

• whereby the wheeled vehicle has at least a frame supporting at least one front wheel (21) and one rear wheel (22), whereby said frame is associated to at least one associated element selected among the group consisting of a seat stay (31), a rear chainstay (29) suitable for supporting the rear wheel (22), a fork (27) suitable for supporting the front wheel (21), a front mudguard (30) adapted to cover at least partially the upper part of the front wheel (21), a rear mudguard (3) adapted to cover at least partially the upper part of the rear wheel (22), and a cap (4),
• whereby the said at least one associated element is shaped for generating at least one motor force of between 2N and 10N in the travel direction of the wheeled vehicle by the effect of the wind with the speed between 10 km/h and 80 km/h and with the angle of attack at least comprised between 10° and 170° with respect to the travel direction of the wheeled vehicle,
• whereby said at least one associated element is an aerodynamic symmetrical profiled element having a plane of symmetry (12) and a curved front end (10) with at least one leading edge, wherein in position of the profiled element with the plane of symmetry (12) located in a vertical plane with the wheeled vehicle rolling on the horizontal rolling plane, said profiled element (3,4,27,29,30,31) has the curved front end (10), a rear end (11), and on either side of said plane of symmetry (12), a curved outer face (13,14), said curved outer faces (13,14) defining in each cross section plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry (12) and parallel to said horizontal rolling plane (H), a cross-section aerodynamic profile (15),
• whereby at least for a part of the profiled element (3,4,27,29,30,31), the said cross-section aerodynamic profile (15) has at least 90% of a central part of a sage leaf profile with a ratio [maximum spacing (E)/maximum cord (C)] comprised between 0.1 and 0.3, whereby the maximum spacing (E) is measured perpendicular to the plane of symmetry (12), while the maximum cord (C) measured in the plane of symmetry (12);
• wherein said sage leaf profile (15) with a ratio [maximum spacing (E)/maximum cord (C)] comprised between 0.1 and 0.3, comprises two symmetrical curved shapes (13 ,14) with respect to said plane of symmetry (12) of the profiled element, each curved shape (13,14) of said two symmetrical curved shapes (13,14) extending between a first front point (16) and a second rear point (17), said first front point and second rear point (16,17) extending along an axis of symmetry (AX) which extends within the plane of symmetry (12),
• wherein each curved shape (13,14) of said two symmetrical curved shapes (13,14) of said sage leaf profile is defined substantially by 5 to 10 successive arcs of circles (A1 of circle C1, A2 of circle C2, A3 of circle C3, A4 of circle C4, A5 of circle C5), said successive arcs of circles being each characterised by a centre of curvature and a radius of curvature, whereby said successive arcs of circles (A1, A2, A3,A4,A5) are interior tangent two by two with increasing radius of curvature (R1,R2,R3,R4,R5) from a minimum radius of curvature (R1) for a curved part in the vicinity of the first front point (16) and a maximum radius of curvature (R5) for a curved part in the vicinity of the second rear point (17), whereby the arc of circle (A1) of the curved part in the vicinity of the first front point (16) is passing through the first front point (16), has its centre of curvature (CC1) located along said axis of symmetry (AX) of the plane of symmetry (12) and has its radius of curvature corresponding to a first radius of curvature (R1) comprised between 0.2 and 0.3 times the maximum spacing (E) of the sage leaf profile,
• wherein each curved shape of the said cross-section aerodynamic profile (15) of the profiled element (1,2,3,4) follows substantially at least 95% of a sage leaf profile pattern with two symmetrical curved patterns, each symmetrical curved pattern of said two symmetrical curved patterns being defined by five successive arcs of circles, which are:
• a first arc of circle (A1) with a first radius of curvature (R1);
• a second arc of circle (A2) with a second radius of curvature (R2) comprised between 1.8 and 2.2 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• a third arc of circle (A3) with a third radius of curvature (R3) comprised between 8.5 and 10.5 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• a fourth arc of circle (A4) with a fourth radius of curvature (R4) comprised between 25 and 30 times the first radius of curvature (R1);
• and
• a fifth arc of circle (A5) with a fifth radius of curvature (R5) comprised between 50 and 70 times the first radius of curvature (R1).