7-nitro-8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives, preparation method therefore and medical use thereof

A compound of formula (I), or a tautomer, a stereoisomer, a mesomer, a racemate, a enantiomer, a diastereoisomer thereof, or a mixture thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:

• wherein:
• R1 is selected from the group consisting of H atom, D atom, alkyl, halogen, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, amino, nitro, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl;
• R2 is selected from the group consisting of H atom, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, —C(O)—OR6, —(CH2)n—NR7R8, —(CH2)n—NR9R10, D atom, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, nitro, alkenyl, alkynyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl;
• R3 is selected from the group consisting of H atom, D atom, alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, hydroxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, cyano, cycloalkyl, —(CH2)n-heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, —NR7R8, —O—(CH2)n—NR7R8, —O—(CH2)n—R11, —(CH═CH)mC(O)—NR7R8, —(CH═CH)mC(O)—NR9R10, nitro, alkenyl, alkynyl and hydroxyalkyl, wherein the cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl are each optionally further substituted by one or more substituent(s) selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, haloalkyl, oxo, —C(O)—NR7R8, —C(O)—OR6, —C(O)—R6, —S(O)xR6, —O—(CH2)n—R11, aryl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxy, cyano, amino, nitro, alkenyl and alkynyl;
• R4 is selected from the group consisting of H atom, halogen, cyano, alkyl, cycloalkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, —(CH2)n—NR7R8, —(CH2)n—NR9R10, D atom, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, hydroxy, nitro, alkenyl, alkynyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl;
• R5 is selected from the group consisting of H atom, D atom, halogen, alkyl, —NR7R8, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl;
• R6 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, H atom, D atom, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, amino, nitro, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl;
• R7 and R8 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H atom, alkyl, heterocyclyl, D atom, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, cyano, amino, nitro, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl and heteroaryl;
• R9 and R10 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl, the nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl optionally comprises one or more heteroatom(s) selected from the group consisting of N, O and S in addition to N, the nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl is optionally further substituted by one or more substituent(s) selected from the group consisting of alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, oxo, cyano, amino, nitro, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl;
• R11 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, cycloalkyl, aryl, haloalkyl, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, amino, nitro, alkenyl, alkynyl, heterocyclyl and heteroaryl;
• m is 0, 1, 2 or 3;
• n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
• and
• x is 0, 1 or 2;
• provided that the compound of formula (I) is not