Energy optimization in combined waste gas treatment and carbon capture systems
AssigneeUop LLC
InventorsElizabeth Jensen, Alec A. Sheir, William J. Whyman
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A method and apparatus for treating waste gas for an solvent-based carbon capture unit. The process involving the use of a dry sorbent injection (DSI) unit to remove sulfur compounds and fine particulate matter from flue gas are described. The treated flue gas is used to preheat the rich solvent stream from the carbon capture unit. Flue gas from an FCC regenerator, for example, is used to make superheated steam and saturated steam. The process allows for increased thermal energy recovery, decreased water utility and increased equipment reliability.
Claims13
A method for treating a waste gas stream in a process for capturing carbon dioxide wherein the waste gas stream comprises one or more of H2O, CO2, CO, N2, O2, SOX, NOX, HCl, Cl2, dioxins, furans, organic acids, heavy metals, catalyst fines, and fine particulate matter, the method comprising:
- reacting one or more of H2O, CO2, CO, N2, O2, SOX, NOX, HCl, Cl2, dioxins, furans, catalyst fines, fine particulate matter or a mixture thereof in the waste gas stream with a reactant in an SOX reaction section comprising a dry sorbent injection (DSI) reactor, wherein the reactant comprises one or more of NaHCO3, Na2CO3, NaHCO3·Na2CO3·2(H2O), Na2CO3·2Na2CO3·3(H2O), CaCO3, Ca(HCO3)2, Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, CaO, CaCO3·MgCO3, and (Ca(OH)2·(Mg(OH)2) to form a SOX reactor effluent stream comprising one or more of NaHCO3, Na2CO3, NaHCO3·Na2CO3·2(H2O), Na2CO3·2Na2CO3·3(H2O), CaCO3, Ca(HCO3)2, Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, CaO, CaCO3·MgCO3, (Ca(OH)2·(Mg(OH)2), dioxins, furans, organic acids, heavy metals, catalyst fines, and fine particulate matter;
- filtering the SOX reactor effluent stream to remove one or more of NaHCO3, Na2CO3, NaHCO3·Na2CO3·2(H2O), Na2CO3·2Na2CO3·3(H2O), CaCO3, Ca(HCO3)2, Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, CaO, CaCO3·MgCO3, (Ca(OH)2·(Mg(OH)2)), dioxins, furans, organic acids, heavy metals, catalyst fines and fine particulate matter to form a filtered SOX reactor effluent stream;
- reacting one or more of H2O, CO2, CO, N2, O2, dioxins, furans, organic acids, heavy metals, catalyst fine, and fine particulate matter in the filtered SOX reactor effluent stream in a NOX reactor section comprising a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reactor to form a NOX reactor effluent stream with a reduced level of nitrogen-containing compounds compared to the SOX reactor effluent stream;
- optionally removing dioxin, furan, or both from the NOX reactor effluent stream in a dioxin-furan removal section to form a treated NOX reactor effluent stream consisting essentially of one or more of H2O, CO2, CO, N2, and O2;
- pre-heating a rich solvent stream from a carbon capture section with the NOX reactor effluent stream or the treated NOX reactor effluent stream thereby reducing a temperature to 130° C. to 200° C. and staying above the dew point of water forming a cooled effluent stream and a pre-heated rich solvent stream;
- and
- introducing the cooled effluent stream into the carbon capture section.
An apparatus for treating a waste gas stream in a process for capturing carbon dioxide comprising:
- a SOX reaction section having a gas inlet, a gas outlet, and a reactant inlet, the gas inlet of the sulfur removal section in downstream fluid communication a gas source;
- a filter section having a gas inlet, a gas outlet, and a filtered material outlet, the gas inlet of the filter section in downstream fluid communication with the gas outlet of the SOX removal section;
- a NOX reactor section having a gas inlet, a gas outlet, and a reagent inlet, the gas inlet of the NOX reactor section in downstream fluid communication with the gas outlet of the filter section;
- a primary heat exchanger having a gas inlet, a gas outlet, a second inlet and a second outlet, the gas inlet of the primary heat exchanger in downstream fluid communication with the gas outlet of the NOX reactor section;
- and
- a carbon capture section having a gas inlet, a second inlet, and an outlet, the gas inlet of the carbon capture section in downstream fluid communication with the gas outlet of the primary heat exchanger, the outlet of the carbon capture section in downstream fluid communication with the second inlet of the primary heat exchanger, the second inlet of the carbon capture section in downstream fluid communication with the second outlet of the primary heat exchanger.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.