Electrochemical biofilm sensor

An electrochemical biofilm sensor comprising:

• a first electrode (101),
• a second electrode (401), and
• a third electrode (201),
• wherein the first electrode (101) is a working electrode, on a surface of which a biofilm growth is to be measured,
• wherein the second electrode (401) is a reference electrode providing a stable reference potential for a polarization of the first electrode, and
• wherein the third electrode (201) is a counter-electrode connectable to the first electrode (101) with an electric circuit so as to allow, at a fixed potential, a circulation of current from the first electrode (101) to the third electrode (201) or vice versa, as a function of an alteration induced by the biofilm on kinetics of evolving reactions on the surface of the first electrode (101), so as to allow, at a fixed current, a measurement of a voltage of the first electrode (101) with respect to the second electrode (401),
• wherein one or more of the first electrode (101), the second electrode (401), or the third electrode (201) are coated with a coating based on mixed oxides of different noble metals, and
• wherein one or more of the first electrode (101), the second electrode (401), or the third electrode (201) electrodes are made of titanium or tantalum, and
• wherein the coating has a thickness of between 0.1 and 50 microns.