# US 2024/0199417 A1 · Plasmonic catalytic reverse water gas shift reaction

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- Number: US 2024/0199417 A1
- Document ID: US20240199417A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 18/572,754
- Filed: 2022-06-24
- Published: 2024-06-20
- Earliest claimed: 2021-06-25
- Applicants: Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast-natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO
- Inventors: Francesc Sastre Calabuig; Pascal Jozef Paul BUSKENS; Nicole Maria Matthias MEULENDIJKS
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20240199417A1

## CPC

- B01J 37/035: {Precipitation on carriers}
- C01B 3/16: using catalysts
- B01J 21/063: {Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof}
- B01J 23/52: Gold
- B01J 35/33: Electric or magnetic properties
- B01J 35/39: Photocatalytic properties
- B01J 35/45: Nanoparticles
- B01J 37/0201: {Impregnation}
- C01B 32/40: Carbon monoxide
- C10K 3/026: {Increasing the carbon monoxide content, e.g. reverse water-gas shift [RWGS]}
- C01B 2203/0283: containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
- C01B 2203/1082: Composition of support materials
- Y02P 20/52: using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C}
- C10K: PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

## Abstract

The disclosure pertains to a plasmonic catalytic process for the reverse water gas shift reaction and corresponding catalysts. In an embodiment, TiO2-supported Au nanoparticles are used as catalyst.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A plasmonic catalytic process for the reverse water gas shift reaction (1)
CO
2
+
H
2
⁢
→
←
⁢
CO
+
H
2
⁢
O
(
1
)
using a plasmonic catalyst comprising supported plasmonic metal nanoparticles, wherein the process involves exposing the catalyst to light.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the metal nanoparticles comprise at least one strongly plasmonic metal selected from the group consisting of Au, Ag, Al, and Cu, with an average particle size of 5.0 nm or less, wherein the particle size is determined as number average particle size, preferably as number average equivalent sphere diameter, as measured with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), preferably with High-Angle Annular Dark Field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy, and wherein the support comprises a metal oxide.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The process according to claim 2, wherein the metal oxide support is a semiconductor.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The process according to claim 3, wherein the plasmonic catalyst comprises TiO2-supported Au plasmonic nanoparticles, and wherein the Au nanoparticles have an average size of 2 nm or less, preferably an average size of 1.0-2.0 nm.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the wherein the nanoparticles have an average particle size of 5.0 nm or less, wherein the particle size is determined as number average particle size, preferably as number average equivalent sphere diameter, as measured with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), preferably with High-Angle Annular Dark Field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy, and wherein preferably the support is made of a porous metal oxide.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is irradiated with at least natural solar light and/or concentrated natural solar light.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is irradiated with (concentrated) natural solar light and an energy efficient man-made light source to ensure a continuous chemical process at constant irradiation.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, carried out at a pressure of less than 5 bar absolute.

### Claim 9

(canceled)

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, carried out in a continuous flow reactor.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst comprises 1.0-10 wt. % Au based on TiO2 support weight, preferably 2-5 wt. % Au based on TiO2 support weight.

### Claim 12

A catalyst comprising TiO2-supported Au nanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles have an average particle size of 2 nm or less, wherein the particle size is determined as number average particle size, preferably as number average equivalent sphere diameter, as measured with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), preferably with High-Angle Annular Dark Field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy, preferably wherein the catalyst comprises 1-10 wt. % Au based on weight of TiO2 support, more preferably 2-5 wt. %.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The catalyst according to claim 12, wherein the nanoparticles have an average 2-5 wt. % Au based on weight of TiO2 support.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1 carried out with a catalyst comprising TiO2-supported Au nanoparticles, wherein the Au nanoparticles have an average particle size of 2 nm or less, wherein the particle size is determined as number average particle size, preferably as number average equivalent sphere diameter, as measured with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), preferably with High-Angle Annular Dark Field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The process according to claim 1, wherein the process does not involve the use of additional heating above any heating provided by the light irradiation.