Random access method and apparatus

A random access method, comprising:

• determining, by a terminal device, a sending manner of a message 3 for random access after selecting a carrier for the random access and/or before selecting an access type of the random access, wherein the sending manner of the message 3 comprises that the terminal device repeatedly sends the message 3 or the terminal device does not repeatedly send the message 3;
• determining, by the terminal device, a random access preamble from a first random access preamble group or a first random access opportunity group based on the sending manner of the message 3, wherein the first random access preamble group or the first random access opportunity group is associated with the sending manner of the message 3, and a synchronization signal block is associated with the first random access preamble group or the first random access opportunity group;
• and
• sending, by the terminal device, the random access preamble to a network device.

A random access apparatus, comprising:

• a processor, configured to determine a first random access preamble group from at least two random access preamble groups, wherein the at least two random access preamble groups are associated with a sending manner of a message 3, the message 3 is used for random access, the sending manner of the message 3 comprises repeatedly sending the message 3 or not repeatedly sending the message 3, and at least one of the at least two random access preamble groups is associated with repeatedly sending the message 3 by a transceiver, wherein
• the processor is further configured to determine a random access preamble from the first random access preamble group;
• and
• the transceiver is configured to send the random access preamble to a network device.

A random access apparatus, comprising:

• a processor, configured to determine a sending manner of a message 3 for random access after selecting a carrier for the random access and/or before selecting an access type of the random access, wherein the sending manner of the message 3 comprises repeatedly sending the message 3 or not repeatedly sending the message 3, wherein
• the processor is further configured to determine a random access preamble from a first random access preamble group or a first random access opportunity group based on the sending manner of the message 3, wherein the first random access preamble group or the first random access opportunity group is associated with the sending manner of the message 3, and a synchronization signal block is associated with the first random access preamble group or the first random access opportunity group;
• and
• the processor is configured to send the random access preamble to a network device.