Methods and devices for avoiding damage to batteries during fast charging

A charging and high-frequency current heating device for charging and temperature maintenance of an energy storage device when coupled to the energy storage device, the energy storage device having a core with an electrolyte having ions therein, and having inputs, with one of the inputs having characteristics of a frequency-dependent resistor and inductor series coupled to a voltage source, the device comprising:

• an energy storage device coupling configured to be coupled to the one input of the energy storage device;
• a heater/ionic exciter coupled to the energy storage device coupling, wherein the battery heater/ionic exciter is configured to provide a positive input current and a negative input current at the one input when coupled to the one input through the energy storage device coupling, wherein the battery heater/ionic exciter is configured to operate including in at least one of two modes wherein a first one of the two modes is a heating mode in which a current frequency is set at or close to a maximum heating rate to provide alternating positive and negative input currents at a high-frequency configured to substantially maximize an internal heating effect of the ions within the electrolyte of the energy storage device to generate heat and raise a temperature of the electrolyte, and a second one of the two modes is a primarily an ionic-excitation mode in which the current frequency is set above the maximum heating rate to generate ionic-excitation of the electrolyte ions;
• a device input configured to be coupled to an energy storage device charger;
• a switch, configured to be coupled between the device input and the energy storage device coupling;
• and
• a controller configured to control the battery heater/ionic exciter to provide switching on and off of the two modes and to control switching of the switch.