Composite fiber capable of changing colors by various external stimuli and manufacturing method thereof

A composite fiber configured to change color, comprising:

• a hollow fiber comprising a plurality of thermochromic pigments and a plurality of shape memory polymers (SMPs);
• a plurality of liquid metals provided at an inner space of the hollow fiber;
• a metal wire having one end inserted into a liquid metal of the plurality of liquid metals and the other end exposed to an outside of the hollow fiber;
• and
• a stopper sealing an end of the hollow fiber,
• wherein the hollow fiber includes a plurality of regions partitioned at a predetermined interval along a longitudinal direction, and the plurality of regions include the plurality of liquid metals having different melting points.

A manufacturing method of a composite fiber configured to change color, the method comprising:

• preparing an elastic hollow fiber comprising a thermochromic pigment and an elastic polymer fiber;
• injecting a liquid metal into an inner space of the elastic hollow fiber;
• inserting one end of a metal wire into the liquid metal, wherein the other end is exposed to an outside of the elastic hollow fiber;
• and
• installing a stopper coupled to the elastic hollow fiber to seal an end of the elastic hollow fiber.