Short-process high-performance forming method of high-strength aluminum alloy, and use thereof

A short-process high-performance forming method of a high-strength aluminum alloy, comprising the following steps:

• step S1, conducting a solution treatment and quenching on a heat-treatable strengthened aluminum alloy sheet blank, to obtain a W-temper aluminum alloy sheet blank;
• step S2, conducting pre-hardening treatment on the W-temper aluminum alloy sheet blank for 1 h to 24 h, wherein a 2000 series aluminum alloy is subjected to the pre-hardening treatment at 130° C. to 180° C., a 6000 series aluminum alloy is subjected to the pre-hardening treatment at 130° C. to 160° C., and a 7000 series aluminum alloy is subjected to the pre-hardening treatment at 70° C. to 100° C.;
• after the pre-hardening treatment on the sheet blank, the 2000 series aluminum alloy forms a GPII zone with a diameter of 1 nm to 5 nm and a length of 1 nm to 15 nm, the 7000 series aluminum alloy forms a GPII zone with a diameter of 1 nm to 15 nm and a thickness of 1 to 2 atomic layers, and the 6000 series aluminum alloy forms a GPII zone with a diameter of 1 nm to 5 nm and a length of 1 nm to 30 nm;
• the GPII zone of the 6000 series aluminum alloy comprises initial β″ and pre-β″, and the GPII zones formed by each of obtained pre-hardened sheet blanks account for 60% to 100%;
• step S3, using each of the pre-hardened sheet blanks as a batch supply blank for cold forming;
• and
• step S4, conducting cold forming on each of the pre-hardened sheet blanks, such that each part of the sheet blank has a deformation of 1% to 20%, to obtain a final component.