Method, apparatus, and medium for modulation of waveform in fractional domain for integrated sensing and communication

A method for an apparatus, the method comprising:

• obtaining a frequency modulation parameter corresponding to a frequency change rate of a frequency-modulated subcarrier;
• receiving an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based waveform signal comprising a plurality of frequency-modulated subcarriers, the plurality of frequency-modulated subcarriers modulated according to the frequency modulation parameter;
• and
• decoding the plurality of frequency-modulated subcarriers.

An apparatus comprising:

• a memory to store processor-executable instructions;
• and
• a processor to execute the processor-executable instructions to cause the apparatus to perform a method comprising:
• obtaining a frequency modulation parameter corresponding to a frequency change rate of a frequency-modulated subcarrier, and
• transmitting or receiving an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based waveform signal comprising a plurality of frequency-modulated subcarriers, the plurality of frequency-modulated subcarriers modulated according to the obtained frequency modulation parameter.