Graphene based electrode for electrophysiological readings

A process for forming a dry electrode for measuring electrophysiological readings, comprising:

• epitaxially growing a silicon carbide film on a doped silicon substrate;
• depositing at least two metals on a surface of the silicon carbide film, the at least two metals including at least one first metal and at least one second metal;
• heating the at least two metals, silicon carbide film, and substrate to cause the at least one first metal to react with silicon of the silicon carbide film to form carbon and at least one stable silicide, and the corresponding solubilities of the carbon in the at least one stable silicide and in the at least one second metal are sufficiently low that the carbon produced by the silicide reaction forms a graphene layer on the silicon carbide film;
• removing the at least one stable silicide and unreacted at least first and second metals to produce a structure having a doped silicon substrate and a silicon carbide film with a surface layer of graphene;
• repeatedly contacting the surface layer of graphene with an electrolyte solution to condition the graphene surface prior to use.