Formulations and methods related to eye irritation and related

A method for reducing false positive rates of nonanimal eye irritation tests, the method comprising:

• overlaying an antioxidant formulation onto a surface of a differentiated eye tissue, comprising reconstituted human corneal epithelium or excised eye tissue;
• adding a test substance to the antioxidant formulation on the surface of the differentiated eye tissue;
• exposing the differentiated eye tissue to the test substance for a first period of time;
• washing the surface of the differentiated eye tissue with a buffered salt solution to remove the test substance;
• after a second period of time, measuring cell viability of the differentiated eye tissue;
• and
• relating the measured cell viability to an index of irritation, which can be categorized according to established ocular irritancy classes,
• wherein the false positive rate is reduced compared to performing the method without overlaying with the antioxidant formulation.