A conveniently operated electronic lathe, comprising a sliding plate box, a longitudinal and transverse reversing detection switch, a longitudinal and transverse operation handle, a rack, a longitudinal and transverse sliding plate, a numerical control system, an electric cabinet, a spindle box, a spindle gear shifting handle, a spindle gear detection switch, a spindle, a cutter frame, an X-directional hand wheel, a positive and negative rotation control switch, a feed motor, an emergency stop button, a spindle motor, a transmission belt, a spindle encoder, a lathe body, a tailstock, a motor gear, a first gear of shaft I, a second gear of shaft I, a shaft I, a first gear of shaft II, a shaft II, a gear of shaft III, a positive and negative direction detection switch, a quick moving button, a positive and negative direction operation handle, a shaft III, a positive and negative direction detection block, a reversing rod, a reversing clutch, a third gear of shaft I, a first gear of shaft IV, a second gear of shaft IV, a shaft IV, a shaft V, a first gear of shaft V, a second gear of shaft V, an X-directional grating ruler, and a Z-directional grating ruler, wherein the shaft I, the shaft II, the shaft III, the shaft IV and the shaft V are all rotatably arranged on the sliding plate box;
- the gear of shaft III is fixed to the shaft III;
- the first gear of shaft IIis engaged with the gear of shaft III;
- the second gear of shaft IV is engaged with the first gear of shaft V;
- the third gear of shaft I and the first gear of shaft IV are engaged together;
- the second gear of shaft V is fixed to the shaft V;
- the feed motor is fixed to the interior of the sliding plate box;
- the rack is mounted on the lathe body;
- the cutter frame is mounted on the rack;
- the longitudinal and transverse sliding plate slides on the upper surface of the sliding plate box;
- the emergency stop button is electrically connected to the numerical control system;
- the tailstock slides on the lathe body;
- both the Z-directional grating ruler and the X-directional grating ruler are mounted on the lathe body;
- the numerical control system is fixed to the upper surface of the lathe body;
- the spindle is mounted on the sliding plate box;
- the motor gear is fixed to the shaft I;
- the motor gear is engaged with the first gear of shaft I;
- the reversing clutch is engaged with the second gear of shaft I by the longitudinal and transverse operation handle through the reversing rod;
- the second gear of shaft I is engaged with the first gear of shaft II;
- the first gear of shaft II is fixed to the shaft II;
- the shaft II is in transmission with the feed motor through the rack
- the longitudinal and transverse reversing detection switch is electrically connected to the numerical control system;
- the numerical control system is electrically connected to the positive and negative direction operation handle;
- the positive and negative direction operation handle is electrically connected to the positive and negative direction detection block;
- the numerical control system is electrically connected to the positive and negative direction detection switch;
- the feed motor is fixed to the outer wall of the sliding plate box;
- the end part of the shaft IVis fixed to an output shaft of the feed motor
- the positive and negative direction detection switch is electrically connected to the feed motor;
- the Z-directional grating ruler is mounted on the lathe body the X-directional grating ruler is electrically connected to the numerical control system ;
- the positive and negative rotation control switch is mounted on the sliding plate box;
- the positive and negative rotation control switch is electrically connected to the numerical control system;
- the positive and negative rotation control switch is arranged on the spindle;
- the spindle motor is mounted below the lathe body;
- the spindle is rotatably arranged on the spindle box;
- an output shaft of the spindle motor is in transmission with the spindle through the transmission belt;
- the spindle encoder is mounted on one side of the spindle;
- the spindle gear shifting handle is electrically connected to the numerical control system through the spindle gear detection switch;
- the numerical control system is connected to the spindle encoder through a data line;
- the numerical control system and the spindle motor are connected to a frequency converter in the electric cabinet through a data line;
- the numerical control system is electrically connected to the spindle encoder .