# US 2023/0265772 A1 · Exhaust system for an ammonia-burning combustion engine

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- Number: US 2023/0265772 A1
- Document ID: US20230265772A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 18/169,595
- Filed: 2023-02-15
- Published: 2023-08-24
- Earliest claimed: 2022-02-18
- Assignees: Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company
- Applicants: Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company
- Inventors: Kevin DOURA; John KILMARTIN; Jing LU; Nicholas MCNAMARA; Thomas YEH
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20230265772A1

## CPC

- F01N 3/101: {Three-way catalysts}
- B01D 53/945: {characterised by a specific catalyst}
- B01D 53/9454: {characterised by a specific device}
- B01D 53/9477: {with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems}
- B01J 21/04: Alumina
- B01J 23/462: {Ruthenium}
- F01N 3/206: {Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents}
- B01D 2255/1026: Ruthenium
- B01D 2255/9155: Wall flow filters
- F01N 2510/068: characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
- F01N 2560/026: for measuring or detecting NOx
- F01N 2610/04: the substance being hydrogen
- F01N 2610/1406: Storage means for substances, e.g. tanks or reservoirs
- F01N 2900/1402: Exhaust gas composition
- Y02T 10/12: Improving ICE efficiencies
- F01N: GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES (arrangements in connection with gas exhaust of propulsion units in vehicles B60K13/00; combustion-air intake silencers specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines F02M35/00; protecting against, or damping, noise in general G10K11/16)
- B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for ammonia combustion and exhaust gas treatment, the system comprising: an internal combustion engine for combusting ammonia; and an exhaust system comprising an intake for receiving an exhaust gas from the combustion engine, an upstream injector for adding hydrogen gas to the exhaust gas and a downstream catalyst article, wherein the downstream catalyst article comprises a three-way catalyst (TWC) composition. The invention further relates to a method for the treatment of an exhaust gas from an ammonia internal combustion engine.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A system for ammonia combustion and exhaust gas treatment, the system comprising:
an internal combustion engine for combusting ammonia; and
an exhaust system comprising an intake for receiving an exhaust gas from the combustion engine, an upstream injector for adding hydrogen gas to the exhaust gas and a downstream catalyst article,
wherein the downstream catalyst article comprises a three-way catalyst (TWC) composition.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The system according to claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine further comprises a controller for maintaining stoichiometric engine conditions.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The system according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises an ammonia storage vessel and/or a hydrogen storage vessel.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The system according to claim 1, wherein the TWC composition is provided on a flow-through substrate or a wall-flow filter substrate.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The system according to claim 4, wherein the TWC composition is provided on from 25 to 75% of an axial length of the substrate, extending from an upstream end of the substrate.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The system according to claim 1, wherein the TWC composition comprises:
(i) a platinum group metal component comprising one or more of Pt, Pd and Rh;
(ii) a support material, preferably alumina; and
(iii) an oxygen storage component (OSC).

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The system according to claim 1, wherein the TWC composition comprises ruthenium.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The system according to claim 1, the system further comprising a NOx sensor arranged upstream or downstream of the downstream catalyst article, wherein the system is configured to adjust the addition of hydrogen based on measurements obtained from the NOx sensor.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The system according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a PGM-containing slip catalyst arranged downstream of the downstream catalyst article for converting slipped hydrogen to water and/or for converting slipped ammonia to nitrogen and water.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The system according to claim 1, wherein the downstream catalyst article further comprises a PGM-containing slip catalyst composition arranged extending from an outlet end of the downstream catalyst article for converting slipped hydrogen to water and/or for converting slipped ammonia to nitrogen and water.

### Claim 11

A method for the treatment of an exhaust gas from an ammonia internal combustion engine, the method comprising:
injecting hydrogen gas into the exhaust gas upstream of a TWC catalyst.