# US 2023/0264602 A1 · Active and passive heat flux control systems for two-phase immersive cooling for high power density electric vehicle components > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2023/0264602 A1 - Document ID: US20230264602A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 17/848,433 - Filed: 2022-06-24 - Published: 2023-08-24 - Earliest claimed: 2022-02-18 - Assignees: GM Global Technology Operations LLC - Applicants: GM Global Technology Operations LLC - Inventors: Jian YAO; Chengwu DUAN; Ming LIU; Chih-hung YEN; Anil K. SACHDEV - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20230264602A1 ## CPC - B60L 58/26: by cooling - B60L 50/64: Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles - B60L 50/66: {Arrangements of batteries} - B60L 2240/425: Temperature - B60L 2240/525: Temperature of converter or components thereof - B60L 2240/545: Temperature - B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES ## Abstract A cooling system includes a housing configured to enclose an electric vehicle component immersed in cooling fluid and to define a first volume. A variable volume member defines a second volume that varies in response to a first signal. A combined volume is defined by the first volume and the second volume. Heat causes the cooling fluid to transition between a liquid state and a vapor state in the combined volume. A pressure sensor is configured to sense a pressure in the combined volume. A condenser is configured to cause the cooling fluid to transition from the vapor state back to the liquid state. A controller includes a volume adjustment module configured to generate the first signal to vary the second volume of the variable volume member to adjust the combined volume in response to the pressure and a first temperature of the electric vehicle component. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A cooling system for an electric vehicle component, comprising: a housing configured to enclose an electric vehicle component immersed in cooling fluid and to define a first volume, a variable volume member defining a second volume that varies in response to a first signal, wherein a combined volume is defined by the first volume and the second volume, wherein heat from operation of the electric vehicle component causes the cooling fluid to transition between a liquid state and a vapor state in the combined volume; a pressure sensor configured to sense a pressure in the combined volume during operation; a condenser arranged in the housing and configured to cause the cooling fluid to transition from the vapor state back to the liquid state; and a controller including a volume adjustment module configured to generate the first signal to vary the second volume of the variable volume member to adjust the combined volume in response to the pressure and a first temperature of the electric vehicle component. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The cooling system of claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor configured to sense the first temperature of the electric vehicle component. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The cooling system of claim 1, wherein the variable volume member comprises: a bellows moveable between a first position and a second position, wherein the first position corresponds to a lowest value of the second volume and the second position corresponds to a highest value of the second volume; and an actuator in communication with the controller to cause the bellows to move between the first position and the second position. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The cooling system of claim 1, wherein: the controller further comprises a first operational lookup table, and the controller indexes the first operational lookup table using the pressure to identify a saturation temperature. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The cooling system of claim 4, wherein the controller generates a pressure difference between the saturation temperature and the first temperature. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The cooling system of claim 5, the controller determines whether the pressure difference is within a predetermined temperature range. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The cooling system of claim 6, wherein the controller adjusts the first signal to vary the pressure in the combined volume in response to the determination that the pressure difference is not within the predetermined temperature range. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The cooling system of claim 1, further comprising a pressure wave generator in communication with the controller and configured to selectively generate pressure waves in the cooling fluid to decrease bubbles accumulating on the electric vehicle component. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The cooling system of claim 1, wherein the variable volume member comprises: a bellows including an open end in fluid communication with the first volume and a closed end; a rod including a first end connected to the bellows; and an actuator connected to a second end of the rod. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) A system comprising: the cooling system of claim 1; and the electric vehicle component. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The system of claim 10, wherein the electric vehicle component is selected from a group consisting of a battery cell, a battery module, a battery pack, a power inverter, and a DC-DC converter. ### Claim 12 A cooling system for an electric vehicle component, comprising: a housing configured to enclose an electric vehicle component immersed in cooling fluid, wherein heat from operation of the electric vehicle component causes the cooling fluid to transition between a liquid state and a vapor state; a condenser arranged in the housing and configured to cause the cooling fluid to transition from the vapor state back to the liquid state; a pressure wave generator configured to selectively generate pressure waves in the cooling fluid; and a controller configured adjust operation of the pressure wave generator in response to a first temperature of the electric vehicle component. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The cooling system of claim 12, further comprising a temperature sensor configured to sense the first temperature of the electric vehicle component. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The cooling system of claim 13, wherein the controller adjusts operation of the pressure wave generator in response to a difference between the first temperature and a predetermined temperature. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) A system comprising: the cooling system of claim 11; and the electric vehicle component. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The system of claim 15, wherein the electric vehicle component is selected from a group consisting of a battery cell, a battery module, a battery pack, a power inverter, and a DC-DC converter. ### Claim 17 A cooling system for an electric vehicle component, comprising: a housing enclosing an electric vehicle component immersed in cooling fluid and defining a first volume, wherein heat from operation of the electric vehicle component causes the cooling fluid to transition between a liquid state and a vapor state; a condenser arranged in the housing and configured to cause the cooling fluid to transition from the vapor state back to the liquid state; and a variable volume member defining a second volume in fluid communication with the first volume, wherein the second volume varies in response changes in pressure in the housing. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The cooling system of claim 17, wherein the variable volume member comprises a bellows including an open end in fluid communication with the first volume and a closed end. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) A system comprising: the cooling system of claim 17; and the electric vehicle component. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The system of claim 18, wherein the electric vehicle component is selected from a group consisting of a battery cell, a battery module, a battery pack, a power inverter, and a DC-DC converter.