# US 2023/0263418 A1 · Handheld non-invasive compartment syndrome detector > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2023/0263418 A1 - Document ID: US20230263418A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 18/173,703 - Filed: 2023-02-23 - Published: 2023-08-24 - Earliest claimed: 2022-02-23 - Assignees: University of Maryland, Baltimore; University Of Maryland, College Park, UM Ventures - Applicants: University Of Maryland, Baltimore; University Of Maryland, College Park, UM Ventures - Inventors: Li-Qun ZHANG; Andrew N. POLLAK; Robert O'TOOLE; Giovanni OPPIZZI - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20230263418A1 ## CPC - A61B 5/03: Measuring fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure {; Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs (determining bladder or urethral pressure A61B5/205)} - A61B 5/0053: {by applying pressure, e.g. compression, indentation, palpation, grasping, gauging} - A61B 5/0075: {by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy (A61B5/0071 takes precedence)} - A61B 5/14551: {for measuring blood gases} - A61B 5/14552: {Details of sensors specially adapted therefor} - A61B 5/4519: {Muscles (measuring muscular strength A61B5/224; using electromyography [EMG] A61B5/389)} - A61B 5/7282: {Event detection, e.g. detecting unique waveforms indicative of a medical condition (cough events A61B5/0823; seizures A61B5/4094; sleep apnoea A61B5/4818)} - A61B 8/0858: {involving measuring tissue layers, e.g. skin, interfaces} - A61B 8/4416: {related to combined acquisition of different diagnostic modalities, e.g. combination of ultrasound and X-ray acquisitions} - A61B 8/4427: {Device being portable or laptop-like} - A61B 8/485: {involving measuring strain or elastic properties} - A61B 8/5223: {for extracting a diagnostic or physiological parameter from medical diagnostic data (for algorithms to analyse biomedical images G06T7/0012)} - A61B 2560/0425: Ergonomically shaped housings (A61B2560/0418 takes precedence) - A61B 2562/0247: Pressure sensors - A61B 2562/028: Microscale sensors, e.g. electromechanical sensors [MEMS] - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) ## Abstract Techniques for non-invasive detection of compartment syndrome (CS) in a subject, includes an apparatus having a structural body configured to be held in a human hand. The structural body includes a subject contact element that is not in contact with the human hand and is configured to contact but not penetrate a skin layer of a subject. The apparatus also includes an optical sensor configured to detect oxygen saturation at a plurality of depths of a subject in contact with the subject contact element. The optical sensor includes at least one light emitting diode (LED) and multiple photo detectors at corresponding different distances from the LED. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus for non-invasive detection of compartment syndrome (CS) in a subject, said apparatus comprising: a structural body configured to be held in a human hand, wherein the body includes a subject contact element that is not in contact with the human hand and is configured to contact but not penetrate a skin layer of a subject; and an optical sensor configured to detect oxygen saturation at a plurality of depths of a subject in contact with the subject contact element, said optical sensor comprising a light emitting diode (LED) and a plurality of photo detectors at corresponding different distances from the LED. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising a pressure sensor configured to determine the pressure on the subject contact element. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising an ultrasound probe configured to determine stiffness of a compartment of the subject. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The apparatus as recited in claim 1, further comprising a means for determining whether the subject in contact with the subject contact element has compartment syndrome based at least in part on data from the optical sensor. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The apparatus as recited in claim 4, further comprising a means for displaying that the subject has compartment syndrome. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the LED is configured to output a plurality of optical frequencies. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the LED is configured to output a plurality of infrared optical frequencies. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the LED is configured to output a plurality of different optical intensities. ### Claim 9 (depends on 4) The apparatus as recited in claim 4, wherein the means for determining whether the subject in contact with the subject contact element has compartment syndrome includes an on-board processor configured to make the determination or a communication link with a remote processor configured to make the determination, or some combination. ### Claim 10 (depends on 5) The apparatus as recited in claim 5, wherein the means for displaying that the subject has compartment syndrome includes an on-board display device or a communication link with a remote device comprising a display device, or some combination. ### Claim 11 (depends on 2) The apparatus as recited in claim 2, wherein the pressure sensor further comprises a fluid chamber and a micro-electrical-mechanical system (MEMS) pressure sensor in fluid contact with fluid in the chamber. ### Claim 12 (depends on 2) The apparatus as recited in claim 2, further comprising a means for determining whether the subject in contact with the subject contact element has compartment syndrome based at least in part on data from the pressure sensor. ### Claim 13 (depends on 3) The apparatus as recited in claim 3, further comprising a means for determining whether the subject in contact with the subject contact element has compartment syndrome based at least in part on data from the ultrasound probe. ### Claim 14 (depends on 2) The apparatus as recited in claim 2, further comprising a displacement sensor configured to determine displacement into a fluid filled flexible chamber by a probing rod or by a plunger or by both.