# US 2023/0263256 A1 · Snow sport helmet evaluation system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2023/0263256 A1 - Document ID: US20230263256A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 18/172,127 - Filed: 2023-02-21 - Published: 2023-08-24 - Earliest claimed: 2022-02-21 - Applicants: Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. - Inventors: Steve Rowson; Mark Begonia; Stefan Duma - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20230263256A1 ## CPC - A42B 3/046: {Means for detecting hazards or accidents} - G01M 7/08: Shock-testing - A42B: HATS; HEAD COVERINGS (headbands A41D20/00; head-scarves A41D23/00) - G01M: TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR ## Abstract Various embodiments relating to methods for evaluating injury mitigation performance of helmets that are used for snow sports (e.g., skiing or snowboarding) are described. In one embodiment, a method for evaluating injury mitigation performance of a helmet includes applying a first and a second impact configuration to a helmet. The first and the second impact configurations include a plurality of impacts between the helmet and a metal plate. The metal plate is tilted at a first predetermined angle for the first impact configuration and at a second predetermined angle for the second impact configuration. The method further includes generating acceleration and velocity data based on impacts that occur as part of the two impact configurations. The method further includes determining injury risk values based on the generated acceleration and velocity data. The method also includes determining an overall injury risk metric based on the injury risk values and exposure values. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of evaluating a helmet, comprising: applying a first impact configuration to the helmet, the first impact configuration comprising a plurality of impacts between the helmet and a metal plate tilted at a first predetermined angle; applying a second impact configuration to the helmet, the second impact configuration comprising a plurality of impacts between the helmet and the metal plate tilted at a second predetermined angle; generating a plurality of linear acceleration and angular velocity values associated with the first and the second impact configurations; determining a plurality of injury risk values associated with the first and the second impact configurations; determining a plurality of exposure values associated with the first and the second impact configurations; and determining an overall injury risk metric based on the plurality of injury risk values and the plurality of exposure values. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein: the first impact configuration comprises a first impact between a front of the helmet and the metal plate, a second impact between a side of the helmet and the metal plate, and a third impact between a rear boss of the helmet and the metal plate; and the second impact configuration comprises a fourth impact between the front of the helmet and the metal plate, a fifth impact between the side of the helmet and the metal plate, and a sixth impact between the rear of the helmet and the metal plate. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the plurality of linear acceleration and angular velocity values comprises identifying a respective linear acceleration value and angular acceleration value for each impact of the first and the second impact configurations. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein determining the plurality of injury risk values comprises determining a respective injury risk value for each impact of the first and the second impact configurations. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising positioning the helmet on a headform, the headform being secured to a support ring in an inverted position. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein the support ring is secured to a carriage of an impact drop tower, the carriage comprising rollers and being configured to move up and down the impact drop tower. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, further comprising releasing the carriage from a predetermined height to simulate a free fall of the helmet onto the metal plate and generate each impact of the first and the second impact configurations. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein the carriage comprises a lever arm that attaches to a bottom portion of the headform, the lever arm securing the headform to the support ring, the lever arm being configured to detach from the headform just prior to the helmet impacting the metal plate. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of linear acceleration and angular velocity values are generated by a six degrees of freedom (6DoF) sensor package located near a center of gravity of a headform. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the 6DoF sensor package comprises three accelerometers and a triaxial angular rate sensor. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the metal plate comprises a surface that replicates a frictionless surface. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the first impact configuration and the second impact configuration are applied with an equal impact velocity. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of exposure values range from 0.2 to 2.5. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein determining the overall injury risk metric comprises: multiplying an injury risk value among the plurality of injury risk values to a corresponding exposure value among the plurality of exposure values to determine a plurality of weighted injury risk values; and aggregating the plurality of weighted injury risk values. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein each of the first and the second impact configurations comprises at least two impacts to each of the front, the side, and the rear boss of the helmet. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the first predetermined angle and the second predetermined angle of the metal plate are adjustable. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the first predetermined angle is 35° and the second predetermined angle is 55°. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein: the first predetermined angle generates a lower normal component and a higher tangential component of impact velocity; and the second predetermined angle generates a higher normal component and a lower tangential component of the impact velocity. ### Claim 19 A method of evaluating a helmet, comprising: applying a first impact configuration to the helmet, the first impact configuration comprising a plurality of impacts between the helmet and a metal plate tilted at a first predetermined angle; applying a second impact configuration to the helmet, the second impact configuration comprising a plurality of impacts between the helmet and the metal plate tilted at a second predetermined angle; generating a plurality of linear acceleration and angular velocity values associated with the first and the second impact configurations; determining a plurality of injury risk values associated with the first and the second impact configurations; and determining an overall injury risk metric based on the plurality of injury risk values. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method of claim 19, wherein determining the overall injury risk metric comprises determining the overall injury risk metric based on the plurality of injury risk values and a plurality of exposure values.