A method for measuring a surface of a substrate comprising at least one structure using low coherence optical interferometry, the method being implemented with a system comprising an interferometric device, a light source, an imaging sensor, and a processing module, the method comprising the following steps:
- acquiring, with the imaging sensor, an interferometric signal formed by the interferometric device between a reference beam and a measurement beam reflected by said surface at a plurality of measurement points in a field of view;
- the following steps being carried out by the processing module:
- classifying, by a learning technique, the acquired interferometric signals according to a plurality of classes, each said class being associated with a reference interferometric signal representative of a typical structure;
- and
- analysing the interferometric signals in order to derive therefrom information on the structure at the measurement points, as a function of the class of each interferometric signal.