Methods and Apparatuses for Making Nanomaterials

An apparatus for making nanomaterials comprising:

• a chamber for introducing at least two materials and containing said materials at a first pressure and a first temperature, wherein said first pressure and said first temperature are relatively high, said apparatus having inlets for said at least two materials and a throat having a reduced size opening, said throat being downstream from said chamber;
• a reduced pressure and temperature zone downstream from said throat, which is at a lower pressure and lower temperature than said first pressure and first temperature, said zone having an exit;
• and
• a nanomaterial collection zone downstream from the reduced pressure and temperature zone.

A method of making bulk diamond comprising:

• a) introducing at least two materials into the chamber of an apparatus, wherein at least one of said materials comprises a carbon source material for the bulk diamond to be formed an another of said materials comprises atomic hydrogen, wherein when the materials are in said chamber, they are at a first pressure and a first temperature, said first pressure and said first temperature being relatively high, said apparatus having a throat having a reduced size opening, said throat being downstream from said chamber, wherein said apparatus further comprises a reduced pressure and temperature zone downstream from said throat, said zone having an exit;
• b) passing said materials into said throat;
• c) passing said materials into said reduced pressure and temperature zone wherein said materials expand at a lower pressure than said first pressure;
• d) forming bulk diamond in said apparatus;
• and
• e) collecting said bulk diamond at the exit from said zone.