Valuable document having a substrate element and a foil element, and method for classifying a valuable document

A value document with a carrier element and a foil element arranged in a partial region of the carrier element,

• wherein the carrier element has, at least in the partial region, a luminescence marker which is adapted to give off luminescence radiation which has at least a first wavelength and a second wavelength in each case in the infrared spectral region, and
• wherein the foil element has a reflection layer and a spectral selection layer,
• wherein the selection layer is arranged between the carrier element and the reflection layer,
• wherein the reflection layer is configured to reflect infrared radiation and the selection layer is configured to spectrally selectively inhibit transmission of infrared radiation,
• wherein the inhibition of the transmission of the first wavelength and the inhibition of the transmission of the second wavelength differ by at least 10%.

A method for classifying a value document with a carrier element having a luminescence marker and a foil element arranged in a partial region of the carrier element and having a reflection layer, in which the following steps are performed:

• a) exciting the luminescence marker with radiation from an excitation side of the value document, the excitation side being the side of the value document facing away from the foil element;
• b) capturing an intensity of the infrared luminescence radiation irradiated by the excited luminescence marker and reflected by the reflection layer;
• c) comparing the captured intensity with a reference intensity;
• and
• d) classifying the value document based on the comparison.