Aerospace vehicles having multiple lifting surfaces

A fuel efficient, low emissions airplane comprising:

• a fuselage having a fineness ration of equal to or greater than 8, the fuselage being comprised of at least 50% composite materials;
• a first wing, a second wing, and a third wing coupled to the fuselage, each wing having an aspect ratio of equal to or greater than 35, each wing having a span within 10% of one another and an aspect ratio within 10% of one another, each wing being comprised of at least 50% composite materials, the first wing being located forward of the second and the third wings, the third wing being located behind the first and second wing, the first wing being located above the second and third wings, the third wing being located below the first and second wings;
• at least one stabilizing unit coupled to the fuselage, the stabilizing unit comprising a first stabilizer surface and a second stabilizer surfaces, the first and second stabilizer surfaces configured in a V-tail configuration;
• and
• at least one propulsion system comprising a first turbofan engine and a second turbofan engine, the first turbofan engine at least partially mounted within an aft portion of the fuselage, the first and second turbofan engines positioned in a vertically stacked configuration such that loss of either engine causes no or only a small thrust asymmetry in the directional axis.

A method for making an aerospace vehicle comprising:

• coupling a first wing, a second wing, and a third wing to a fuselage, each wing having an aspect ratio of equal to or greater than 35, materials, the fuselage having a fineness ration of equal to or greater than 8;
• coupling at least one stabilizing unit to the fuselage;
• and
• coupling at least one propulsion system to the fuselage.