Lead-based alloy and related processes and products

A paste used to produce lead-acid battery electrodes, the paste comprising:

• aqueous sulfuric acid;
• a doped leady oxide powder comprising an oxidation product of a lead-based alloy wherein the lead-based alloy comprises, in percent by total alloy weight:
• 0.0090% to 0.0150% antimony;
• 0.0010% to 0.0300% arsenic;
• 0.0010% to 0.0090% tin;
• and
• balance lead and incidental impurities;
• polyester fibers;
• red lead;
• tetrabasic lead sulfate or tribasic lead sulfate;
• carbon, barium sulfate, or lignosulfonate;
• and
• ammonium sulfate or magnesium sulfate.

A paste used to produce lead-acid battery electrodes, the paste comprising:

• aqueous sulfuric acid;
• a doped leady oxide power comprising an oxidation product of a lead-based alloy;
• and
• at least one of a plurality of additives.

A process for the production of a lead-acid battery electrode, the process comprising:

• mixing water and doped leady oxide powder to produce an intermediate paste, wherein the doped leady oxide powder comprises an oxidation product of a lead-based alloy;
• mixing at least one of a plurality of additives with the intermediate paste;
• mixing aqueous sulfuric acid with the intermediate paste to produce an active material precursor paste;
• applying the active material precursor paste to a lead-based alloy grid to produce a plate;
• and
• exposing the plate to controlled temperature and relative humidity conditions for a period of time to cure the paste on the lead-based alloy grid and produce a cured plate.