Synthesis of plasma generating - chemical looping catalysts
OwnerGalip AKAYinventor
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Abstract
Disclosed is the synthesis of novel supported metal catalytic materials for electromagnetic radiation absorption and chemical catalysis especially in the presence of plasma used in the conversion of nitrogen from air and hydrogen from water to useful products such as nitric acid, hydrogen, ammonia and fertilizers. These materials can also generate plasma when subjected to microwave irradiation thus form the basis of catalytic plasma reactors. They can be used in chemical looping reactions because plasma generation under microwave irradiation in air results in the reduction of catalyst oxides and oxidation of nitrogen.
Claims37
A process for preparing a supported micro-porous active metal catalyst, comprising:
- (a) preparing an aqueous dispersion comprising a support precursor and a catalyst precursor at prescribed quantities, and subjecting the aqueous dispersion to a first microwave irradiation at a power rating above a minimum prescribed level to obtain an irradiated mixture;
- (b) performing a water evaporation to the irradiated mixture to form an assembly of the catalyst precursor and the support precursor;
- and
- (c) performing a second microwave irradiation to the assembly of the catalyst precursor and the support precursor to decompose and convert the catalyst precursor to a catalyst oxide in presence of plasma, and obtaining the supported micro-porous active metal catalyst.
A process for preparing a supported micro-porous multi-metal catalyst, comprising performing microwave radiation in plasma environment to a mixture comprising a multi-metal catalyst and a silica support to obtain the supported micro-porous multi-metal catalyst, wherein the multi-metal catalyst is prepared by combining:
- (a) at least one transition metal catalyst having two stable valence states and at least one transition metal catalyst having three stable valance states;
- (b) at least one transition metal catalyst having two or three stable valence states and at least one transition metal catalyst having a single valence state;
- or
- (c) at least one of the transition metal catalyst having two or three stable valence states and at least one non-transition metal catalyst having two stable valance states.
A process for modifying a structure of a ferroelectric perovskite material, comprising doping the ferroelectric perovskite material with a mineral acid, and performing microwave irradiation to generate plasma and achieve a modified ferroelectric perovskite material, wherein the mineral acid is at least one acid selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid.
A process to obtain a porous composite catalyst, wherein the porous composite catalyst comprises perovskite and a silica supported spinel catalyst, and the process comprises microwave irradiation of particles of the perovskite dispersed in an aqueous dispersion comprising a catalyst precursor and a support precursor, wherein
- (a) the particles of the perovskite are smaller than 500 μm;
- or
- (b) the particles of the perovskite are larger than 500 μm.
(canceled)
A method of obtain a supported metal catalyst in a form of spinel oxides, comprising performing microwave irradiation to the supported metal catalyst in presence of oxygen and nitrogen to obtain the supported metal catalyst in the form of spinel oxides, wherein a metal in the supported metal catalyst is selected from the group consisting of high oxygen capacity catalysts selected from of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Mo, Ru, Pd, Re, and Ir, and the metal is reduced to a lower valence state or a ground state when plasma is generated by the microwave irradiation in the presence of oxygen and nitrogen.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.