Thermal management systems

A thermal management method, comprising:

• transporting refrigerant fluid from a receiver through a closed-circuit refrigeration system (CCRS) having a closed-circuit path;
• pumping, with a pump, the refrigerant fluid from the receiver to a flow control device disposed in the closed-circuit path;
• controlling, by the flow control device, a thermodynamic property of the refrigerant fluid;
• extracting heat from at least one heat load that is in thermal conductive or convective contact with an evaporator disposed in the closed-circuit path, with the extracted heat being transferred to the refrigerant fluid having the controlled thermodynamic property to convert at least a portion of the refrigerant fluid into refrigerant vapor;
• compressing, by a compressor disposed in the closed-circuit path, the refrigerant fluid including the refrigerant vapor received from the evaporator to provide compressed refrigerant fluid including compressed refrigerant vapor;
• condensing the compressed refrigerant fluid including compressed refrigerant vapor received from the compressor, with a condenser disposed in the closed-circuit path to provide condensed refrigerant fluid;
• and
• transporting the condensed compressed refrigerant fluid to the receiver.