Automatic detection and recovery device for residual agricultural mulch film, and method of using said device

An automatic detection and recovery device for residual agricultural mulch film is characterized in that:

• comprises a quadcopter, a wheeled motor and a host computer;
• The quadcopter is provided with a controller, a near infrared water content analyzer and a WIFI module;
• The wheeled robot comprises a water sprinkling device, a soil grabbing device, a sifting device, a delivery device, a recognition device, and a sorting device;
• the water sprinkling device comprises a water pump and a water tank that are disposed behind the wheeled robot, wherein water is pumped out of the water tank by the water pump and is uniformly sprinkled via mesh-like outlets, and when the wheeled robot advances in a field, water is ceaselessly and uniformly sprinkled on the surface of the field;
• the soil grabbing device comprises a three-degree-of-freedom motor for joint control, wherein the three-degree-of-freedom motor includes two screw motors and a push-rod motor, a mechanical gripper is used for grabbing and is mounted at a front end of the push-rod motor that is perpendicular to the ground so that the mechanical gripper is able to stretch and retreat perpendicular to the ground, a tail end of the push-rod motor is vertically mounted on a nut of one screw motor that is parallel to the ground, and one end of a screw of this screw motor is vertically mounted on a nut of the other screw motor that parallel to the ground, so that the mechanical gripper is able to move horizontally parallel to the ground;
• the soil grabbing device is disposed in front of the wheeled robot, and when the wheeled robot travels to a point where a residual mulch film is present, the soil grabbing device grabs soil at this point;
• the sifting device comprises a sifting barrel, a drying plate, a pushing device, a rotating device, a moving device and a recovery box, wherein the sifting barrel is divided into an upper sifting barrel and a lower sifting barrel that are both hollow semi-cylinders;
• small round holes are formed all over the cylindrical surface of the upper sifting barrel, a clamping groove is formed in the center of the outer surface of the upper sifting barrel, an upper opening of the upper sifting barrel is in the shape of a hollow semicircular ring, semicircular bumps are disposed at the center of two ends of the upper sifting barrel, and the upper sifting barrel is always located in the recovery box;
• the surface of the lower sifting barrel is completely sealed, semicircular bumps are disposed at the center of two ends of the lower sifting barrel, and the bump at one end of the lower sifting barrel is connected to the pushing device;
• soil grabbed by the soil grabbing device is placed into the lower sifting barrel;
• the drying plate is mounted on one side of the recovery box and is used for drying the grabbed soil;
• the pushing device is a push-rod motor, a motor base is mounted on the rotating device, and the head of a push rod is connected to the lower sifting barrel to deliver the lower sifting barrel into the recovery box or extract the lower sifting barrel from the recovery box;
• the rotating device comprises a rotating motor, a push-rod motor and a fixing ring, wherein the rotating motor is located on one side of the recovery box and is provided with a rotating shaft vertically connected to a base of the pushing device, the push-rod motor is located on the other side of the recovery box, the fixing ring is mounted at the head of a push rod of the push-rod motor, the rotating device locks the circular bump at one end of the sifting barrel through the fixing ring, and the rotating motor drives the lower sifting barrel to rotate, so that soil in the sifting barrel is sifted out via the small holes in the surface of the upper sifting barrel;
• the moving device comprises a fixing plate, a rotating motor, a push-rod motor and a semicircular clamping block, a tail end of the rotating motor is fixed to the fixing plate, a rotating shaft of the rotating motor is connected to a tail end of the push-rod motor, the semicircular clamping block is drilled at the head of a push rod and is able to rise or fall and rotate;
• the recovery box is a hollow cuboid, round notches are formed in two end faces of the recovery box to allow the sifting barrel to enter or come out, and the round notch in the upper end face of the recovery box allows the push rod of the push-rod motor of the moving device to move;
• the delivery device comprises a shield plate and a conveying belt, wherein the conveying belt is used for conveying residues left after sifting, and the shield plate is used for flatly spreading the residues in the conveying process;
• the recognition device adopts a monocular camera, shoots the residues in real time, and sends photos to the host computer, and the host computer processes image data and then selects out weak pixels to determine a residual mulch film;
• the sorting device comprises a three-degree-of-freedom motor, a mechanical gripper and a residual film recovery box, wherein the motor and the mechanical gripper are mounted in a manner similar to the motor and mechanical gripper of the soil grabbing device, and the mechanical gripper moves to and grabs the determined residual mulch film, and then places the grabbed residual mulch film into the recovery box.