Impregnated porous powder with superhydrophobic particles and preparation method and application thereof

A method for preparing an impregnated porous powder with superhydrophobic particles, comprising the following steps:

• i) dispersing 1-12 parts by mass of a nanoparticle sol, 2-10 parts by mass of ammonia water and 1-2 parts by mass of a waterborne hydrophobic treatment agent in 60-100 parts by mass of deionized water and performing constant stirring for 12-48 h to prepare a modified nanoparticle suspension, and obtaining a superhydrophobic modified nanoparticle powder by means of a spray drying process, wherein the nanoparticle sol is at least one of an aluminum oxide nanoparticle sol, a titanium dioxide nanoparticle sol and a silicon dioxide nanoparticle sol with a particle size of 1-200 nm, a solid content of 15-30 wt. % and a pH value of 8-9;
• and the waterborne hydrophobic treatment agent is one of a waterborne perfluorodecyl siloxane oligomer or a waterborne propyloctyl siloxane oligomer or an emulsion formed by mixing alkyl siloxane with a cationic or nonionic perfluoroacrylic surfactant, a mixing mass ratio of alkyl siloxane to the surfactant is (1-3):1;
• and
• ii) adding 1-18 parts by mass of a porous ceramic micro-powder and 0.1-0.5 part by mass of a waterborne silane coupling agent into 60-100 parts by mass of deionized water or adding 1-18 parts by mass of a porous micron ceramic powder, 2-10 parts by mass of ammonia water, 0.4-1 part by mass of a waterborne hydrophobic treatment agent and 0.1-0.5 part by mass of a waterborne silane coupling agent into 60-100 parts by mass of deionized water, performing constant stirring for 12-48 h, then adding 1-5 parts by mass of the superhydrophobic modified nanoparticle powder obtained in the step (1), and performing constant stirring for 12-48 h to prepare a superhydrophobic particle impregnating porous particle suspension, and obtaining the impregnated porous powder with superhydrophobic particles by means of a filter drying process or the spray drying process, wherein the waterborne silane coupling agent is Evonik DynasylanHydrosil 1151 amino waterborne siloxane, and the porous ceramic micro-powder is at least one of diatomite particles, silicon dioxide particles, aluminum oxide particles and zirconium oxide particles with a particle size of 1-75 m, or porous ceramic particles prepared by performing high-temperature sintering by taking the diatomite particles, silicon dioxide particles, aluminum oxide particles and zirconium oxide particles as a raw material.