All-inorganic solvents for electrolytes
AssigneeNew Dominion Enterprises, Inc.
InventorMason K. Harrup
Life of this patent
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Abstract
An all-inorganic electrolyte formulation for use in a lithium-ion battery system comprising at least one of each a phosphoranimine, a phosphazene, a monomeric organophosphate and a supporting lithium salt. The electrolyte preferably has a melting point below 0° C., and a vapor pressure of combustible components at 60.6° C. sufficiently low to not produce a combustible mixture in air, e.g., less than 40 mmHg at 30° C. The phosphoranimine, phosphazene, and monomeric phosphorus compound preferably do not have any direct halogen-phosphorus bonds. A solid electrolyte interface layer formed by the electrolyte with an electrode is preferably thermally stable ≥80° C.
Claims20
A battery, comprising:
- a metal anode;
- an electrolyte comprising a cyclic phosphazene;
- a cathode;
- a metal salt;
- and
- a dynamic solid electrolyte interface layer on the metal anode comprising breakdown products of the cyclic phosphazene, wherein the solid electrolyte interface layer is adapted to break down and reform on the metal anode from battery cycling.
A battery, comprising:
- a lithium metal anode;
- an electrolyte comprising a cyclic phosphazene;
- a solid electrolyte interface layer dynamically formed and reformed on the lithium metal anode during cycling of the battery comprising breakdown products of the cyclic phosphazene.
A method of forming a battery, comprising:
- providing a metal anode, an electrolyte comprising a cyclic phosphazene, a cathode, and a supporting salt;
- forming a solid electrolyte interface layer on the metal anode comprising breakdown products of the cyclic phosphazene;
- breaking down and reforming the solid electrolyte interface layer on the metal anode during cycling of the battery,
- wherein the solid electrolyte interface layer acts as an efficient free radical quencher, and provides an effective barrier that protects the bulk electrolyte from continuous degradation
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.