Storage device and storage system including the same

Abstract

A storage device and a storage system including the same are provided. The storage device includes a nonvolatile memory with a valid page and a free page; a temperature sensor configured to sense a temperature of the nonvolatile memory; and a storage controller configured to implement: a patrol read module configured to read valid data stored in the valid page and identify a number of errors in the read valid data according to a set time period, and a retention module configured to, based on the temperature or the number of errors, read the valid data stored in the valid page, and write the valid data to the free page while controlling a threshold voltage distribution width corresponding to a value of the valid data written to the free page.

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.