Double perovskite
OwnerFeliciano Giustino, Henry James Snaith +2inventors
InventorsFELICIANO GIUSTINO, HENRY JAMES SNAITH, NOBUYA SAKAI, YORGOS VOLONAKIS
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optoelectronic material comprising a compound, wherein the compound comprises: (i) one or more cations, A; (ii) one or more first B cations, Bn+; (iii) one or more second B cations, Bm+; and (iv) one or more chalcogen anions, X; wherein the one or more first B cations, Bn+ are different from the one or more second B cations, Bm+; n represents the oxidation state of the first B cation and is a positive integer of from 1 to 7 inclusive; m represents the oxidation state of the second B cation and is a positive integer of from 1 to 7 inclusive; and n+m is equal to 8.
Claims41
An optoelectronic material comprising a compound, wherein the compound comprises:
- (i) one or more cations, A;
- (ii) one or more first B cations, Bn+;
- (iii) one or more second B cations, Bm+;
- and
- (iv) one or more chalcogen anions, X;
- wherein the one or more first B cations, Bn+ are different from the one or more second B cations, Bm+;
- n represents the oxidation state of the first B cation and is a positive integer of from 1 to 7 inclusive;
- m represents the oxidation state of the second B cation and is a positive integer of from 1 to 7 inclusive;
- and n+m is equal to 8.
An optoelectronic material according to any preceding claim, wherein n is 1 or 2 and m is 6 or 7, optionally wherein n is 1 and m is 7.
An optoelectronic material according to any preceding claim, wherein the band gap of the compound is less than 3.0 eV or the measured photoluminescence peak is less than 3.0 e.V or the onset of optical absorption is less than 3.0 e.V, optionally wherein the band gap of the compound is from 1.0 eV to 2.5 eV.
An optoelectronic material according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more first cations, Bn+, comprise noble metal cations and/or alkali metal cations, optionally wherein the one or more first cations, Bm+ comprise one or more of Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Cu+, Ag+, Au+ and Hg, preferably wherein the one or more first cations, Bn+ comprise Ag+.
An optoelectronic material according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more second cations, Bm+, comprise one or more halogen cations in the +7 oxidation state, preferably wherein the one or more second cations, Bm+, comprise I7+.
An optoelectronic material according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more first cations, Bn+, comprise Ag+ and the one or more second cations, Bm+, comprise I7+.
An optoelectronic material according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more cations, A, comprise one or more dications.
An optoelectronic material according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more cations, A, comprise one or more inorganic dications, optionally wherein said one or more inorganic dications are selected from Ba2+, Sr2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Mn2+.
An optoelectronic material according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more cations, A, comprise one or more organic dications, optionally wherein said one or more organic cations are diammonium cations, preferably wherein said one or more organic cations comprise an ethylene diammonium cation ([H3N(CH2)2NH3]2+).
An optoelectronic material according to any preceding claim, wherein the one or more chalcogen anions, X, comprise O2−, S2−, Se2− or Te2−, preferably wherein the one or more chalcogen anions, X, comprise O2− or S2−.
An optoelectronic material according to any preceding claim, wherein the compound is a compound of Formula (I):
- [A]2[Bn+][Bm+][X]6 (I);
- wherein:
- [A] is one or more dications;
- [Bn+] is the one or more first B cations;
- [Bm+] is the one or more second B cations;
- and [X] is the one or more chalcogen anions;
- wherein n and m represent the oxidation states of the first and second B cations and wherein n is a positive integer of from 1 to 7 inclusive, m is a positive integer of from 1 to 7 inclusive, and n+m=8.
A compound comprising:
- (ix) One or more cations, A;
- (x) One or more monocations, B+, wherein one of said one or more monocations is Ag+;
- (xi) One or more heptacations, B7+;
- and
- (xii) One or more chalcogen anions, X.
A photocatalyst material comprising a compound, wherein the compound comprises:
- (i) one or more cations, A;
- (ii) one or more first B cations, Bn+;
- (iii) one or more second B cations, Bm+;
- and
- (iv) one or more chalcogen anions, X;
- wherein the one or more first B cations, Bn+ are different from the one or more second B cations, Bm+;
- n represents the oxidation state of the first B cation and is 1 or 2;
- m represents the oxidation state of the second B cation and is 6 or 7;
- and n+m is equal to 8.
A semiconductor device comprising an semiconducting material, wherein the semiconducting material comprises a compound comprising:
- (i) one or more cations, A;
- (ii) one or more first B cations, Bn;
- (iii) one or more second B cations, Bm*;
- and
- (iv) one or more chalcogen anions, X;
- wherein the one or more first B cations, Bn+ are different from the one or more second B cations, Bm+;
- n represents the oxidation state of the first B cation and is a positive integer of from 1 to 7 inclusive;
- m represents the oxidation state of the second B cation and is a positive integer of from 1 to 7 inclusive;
- and n+m=8.
A process for producing a compound comprising
- (i) one or more cations, A;
- (ii) one or more first B cations, Bn+;
- (iii) one or more second B cations, Bm+;
- and
- (iv) one or more chalcogen anions, X;
- wherein the one or more first B cations, Bn+ are different from the one or more second B cations, Bm+;
- n represents the oxidation state of the first B cation and is a positive integer of from 1 to 7 inclusive;
- m represents the oxidation state of the second B cation and is a positive integer of from 1 to 7 inclusive;
- and n+m=8;
- said process comprising treating a precursor compound comprising the one or more first B cations, Bn+, and the one or more second B cations, Bm+, with a composition comprising the one or more cations, A to obtain the compound.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.