A method comprising measuring the presence or absence or level of antibodies or antigen-recognizing cells directed against a frameshift polypeptide in a biological sample from a cancer patient selected from the group consisting of a lung cancer patient, liver cancer patient, renal cancer patient, melanoma patient, cancer of the brain patient, head and neck cancer patient, leukemia patient, lymphoma patient, prostate cancer patient, breast cancer patient, ovary cancer patient, endometrial cancer patient, lung cancer patient, and bladder cancer patient, wherein the frameshift polypeptide is derived from a frameshift mutation in the A11 repeats in a coding microsatellite region of a gene selected from the group consisting of TAF1B, MACS, and HT001.