Tubular assembly comprising low density, low thermal conductivity low thermal effusivity polyarylene sulfide foam

A tubular assembly, comprising:

• a tubular first member having an outer surface and an inner surface, the inner surface defining an innermost surface of the assembly;
• a tubular second member surrounding the outer surface of the first member, wherein the second member comprises a foamed polyarylene sulfide polymer material having a foamed density and a foamed thermal effusivity that is foamed from an un-foamed polyarylene sulfide polymer material having an un-foamed density and an un-foamed thermal effusivity,
• wherein the foamed density is less than about 50% of the un-foamed density, and
• wherein the foamed thermal effusivity is less than about 50% of the un-foamed thermal effusivity;
• and
• one or more tubular third members, each of the third members being the same as or different from the first member and being the same as or different from each of the other third members,
• wherein the second member surrounds the first member and each of the third tubular members.

A tubular assembly comprising:

• a tubular first member having an outer surface and an inner surface, the inner surface defining an innermost surface of the assembly;
• and
• a tubular second member surrounding the outer surface of the first member, wherein the second member comprises a foamed polyphenylene sulfide polymer material having a foamed thermal conductivity that is foamed from a mixture of a foaming agent and an un-foamed polyphenylene sulfide polymer material having polymer chains that are branched or cross-linked, the polyphenylene sulfide having an un-foamed thermal conductivity,
• wherein the foamed polyphenylene sulfide polymer material has an average cell diameter of at least 100 μm, and
• wherein the foamed thermal conductivity is at least about 50% less than the un-foamed thermal conductivity.